medchem final

Gs

Increases cAMP

Gi

Decreases cAMP

Gq

Increases IP3 and Ca2+

RTKs bind

Growth factors

RTK activation

Cell growth and proliferation

Biased agonism

Selective pathway activation

Tachyphylaxis

Decreased response over time

Cholera toxin

Locks G alpha s active and increases cAMP

Losartan effect

Blocks Gq and decreases IP3

Voltage gated channels

Open with membrane potential change

Ligand gated channels

Open with ligand binding

Local anesthetics MOA

Block voltage gated Na channels

nAChR type

Ligand gated ion channel

nAChR effect

Na influx causing depolarization

Myasthenia gravis

Autoimmune destruction of nAChR

Metabolism

All chemical reactions in the body

Catabolism

Breakdown producing energy

Anabolism

Building requiring energy

Liver function

Controls blood glucose

Brain fuel

Glucose or ketones in starvation

Cori cycle

Lactate travels to liver and becomes glucose

Insulin

Decreases blood glucose

Glucagon

Increases blood glucose

GLP-1

Increases insulin and decreases appetite

AMPK

Low energy sensor

mTOR

Growth and protein synthesis pathway

AMPK inhibits

mTOR

Rapamycin

Inhibits mTOR

Metformin

Activates AMPK

Obesity

BMI greater than or equal to 30

Insulin resistance

Decreased glucose uptake

SGLT2 inhibitors

Excrete glucose in urine

Leptin

Decreases appetite

Ghrelin

Increases appetite

Starvation

Fat used as main fuel

Exercise

Increases glucagon and decreases insulin

Cachexia

Cancer related wasting

Malaria cause

Plasmodium falciparum

Artemisinin key structure

Endoperoxide bridge

Artemisinin MOA

Free radical damage

Paclitaxel MOA

Stabilizes microtubules

Paclitaxel effect

Stops mitosis

Morphine target

Mu receptor

Naloxone

Opioid antagonist

Ziconotide target

N type calcium channels

Ziconotide MOA

Blocks calcium entry

Tropane alkaloids

Analgesic narcotic and anti nausea

Synthetic biology goal

Produce drugs using engineered organisms

CYP enzymes

Drug metabolism

Poor metabolizer

Increased drug levels and toxicity

Ultra rapid metabolizer

Drug cleared quickly causing no effect

CPIC

Guides therapy after genetic test

HLA B1502

Carbamazepine SJS risk

HLA B5701

Abacavir contraindication