liberalists theories

Liberalism

A theory that suggests belligerent-prone personalities of anarchic systems can be improved and warfare can be significantly reduced.

Non-state actors

Entities such as multinational corporations and international organizations (e.g., United Nations) that play a significant role in international relations.

Interdependence

The reliance among states and non-state actors in the international system, contrary to the belief that resources and power are scarce.

Economic interdependence

The idea that trade creates advantages for both parties, influencing peace by making war less appealing due to potential trade disruptions.

Neoliberalism

A development in international relations that combines ideas from both neorealism and liberalism, emphasizing the importance of institutions and non-state actors.

Mutuality of interest

A principle suggesting that cooperation is likely when both parties believe that collaborating is better than mutual rebellion.

Shadow of the Future

The concept that ongoing interactions between states encourage cooperation due to the anticipation of future encounters.

Number of actors

A factor that influences cooperation, indicating that effective reciprocity depends on detecting defectors and having long-term incentives to penalize them.

Issue linkages

The arrangement where states may negotiate benefits across multiple issues, allowing them to gain on some while losing on others.

Interaction in multilateralism

The process where states engage with each other in large groups through institutions to manage relations and enhance cooperation.