exercise 30- arteries of the upper body

the outer layer of the artery is called the

tunic externa

the middle layer of the artery is called the

tunica media

the inner layer of the artery is called the

tunica intima

the tunic media is thicker in which type of vessel

arteries

composed of endothelium

tunica intima

thin layer of elastic fibers in arteries

inner elastic membrane

veins have a large ____ and a thinner tunica ____

lumen, media

larger arteries closer to the heart

elastic arteries

what is another name for elastic arteries

conductive arteries

which type of artery has a distinctive presence of elastic fibers in its tunica media

elastic (conductive) arteries

this type of artery has more smooth muscle in the tunic media and are located farther away from the heart

muscular arteries

the first two arteries that branch from the aorta are the

coronary arteries

after the descending aorta, it the aorta branches off into two segments:

thoracic and abdominal

this part of the aorta is located above the diaphragm

thoracic

this part of the aorta is located below the diaphragm

abdominal

the thoracic aorta has many branches, which run between the ribs, called

intercostal arteries

what two arteries does the brachiocephalic artery branch off to

right common carotid and right subclavian

the right subclavian artery has one branch that takes blood to the brain via the _____ artery, and the other branch becomes the _____ artery

vertebral, axillary

the left subclavian artery also has a branch tht takes blood tot he brain and another branch that becomes the ____ _______ artery

left axillary

the axillary artery on each side of the body turns into the ____ artery

brachial

the brachial artery supplies blood to

triceps brachii and humerus

the brachial artery splits in two to form the ____ artery on the LATERAL side and the ___ artery on the MEDIAL side

radial, ulnar

the radial artery and ulnar artery unite again to become the

palmar arch arteries

there is a ____ palmar artery and a ___ palmar artery that join to send out small ___ arteries

superficial and deep, digital

the brachiocephalic artery feeds which side of the body

right

the left carotid and left subclavian feed which side of the body

left

carotids take blood to the ___

head

subclavians take blood to the

upper limbs

the ____ arteries receive blood from the subclavian arteries and take the blood to the brain by traveling through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae and then into the_____ ______ of the skull

vertebral, foramen magnum

two branches of the carotid arteries

internal and external

where does the internal carotid take blood to

the brain

where does the external carotid take blood to

to the face

which carotid type would have branches off it called the facial artery, the superficial temporal artery, the maxillary artery, and the occipital artery

external carotids

the brain receives blood from four major arteries: left and right ____ arteries, and left and right ____ ______ arteries

vertebral and internal carotids

the vertebral arteries pass through the foramen magnum and unite to form the ____ arteries at the base of the brain

basilar

the two internal carotid arteries pass through the carotid canal and take blood to the ____ of the brain

base

the blood from the basilar and two internal carotids combines in a vessel called the ____ ____ _____ (circle of willis)

cerebral arterial circle

the cerebral arterial circle forms a loop around which structure around the brain and is composed of ____ and _____ communicating arteries

the pituitary, anterior and posterior communicating arteries

reuniting of arteries, important so that arteries can have back ups in case one gets congested

collateral circulation

the basilar artery gives rise to the ____ arteries, which give blood to the cerebellum

cerebellar

while humans have three branches off of the aorta, cats have

2

what are the two branches of the cats aorta

brachiocephalic, and left subclavian

the brachiocephalic artery branches off into the ____ ____ ______ artery, the ___ _____ ____ artery, and the ___ ______ artery

left common carotid artery, the right common carotid artery, and the right subclavian artery