Psych Dreams

Melatonin

Aids in sleep

• high levels: drowsiness

Pineal gland

regulate sleep-wake cycle and produces melatonin

Consciousness

state of awareness of our mental activity and external stimuli

Ccircadian Rhythm 

our 24 hr biological clock 

Sleep Stages

4 of them, takes 90-100 mins to pass through all 4 

EEG Brain wave patterens 

Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta 

Beta

awake

Alpha

Drowsy, relaxed

Theta

Deep relaxation

Delta

Deep, dreamless sleep, what a sleep deprived person’s brain craves 

Stage 2 sleep

Baseline of sleep, occupies 45-60% of sleep

Stage 3 sleep

most restorative, production of growth hormones

Rem

rapid eye movement

REM rebound

tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation, youll dream a lot

Insomnia

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Narcolepsy

Characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks

• Lapses directly into REM sleep, genetic treated with stimulants 

Sleep Apnea

not being able to breath for minimum of 10 sec during sleep 

• genetic, lifestyle 

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

paralysis naturally occurs during REM sleep to make someone act out their dream

Sleepwalking/ Somnambulism

15% of kids, 3% of adults, occurs during stage 3 early in the night

Consolidation Dream Theory

suggests that the brain reactivates the memories during sleep, then influences the content of dreams

Activation- Synthesis Theory by Hobson and McCarley

Dreams make no sense, Biological theory

Stimulants

caffeine, cocaine 

Depressants 

alcohol 

Hallucinogens

marijuana

opioids

heroin

Addiction

repeated, compulsive consumption of a substance despite harm 

Psychological dependence

mental craving for a drug

Withdrawal

illness when physically dependent drug use is stopped 

Mesolimbic dopamine pathway 

transports dopamine from ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbent and amygdala in the brain  

Nucleus Accumbens

believed to play a role in reward, desire, and the placebo effect 

Nature 

genetics, physical appearance, and biological influences  

nurture 

environment, upbringing, social influences