LIFE 103 Exam 1 Review- Protists

Protists are…

paraphyletic

Metamonads

live in anaerobic environments

2 nuclei and have lost true mitochondria

ex- some digest cellulose in termite guts

Discobids

all unicellular

ex- trypanosomes (pathogens, african sleeping sickness, chagas, etc)

Euglenids

phylum under discobids, 1/3 have chloroplasts and photosynthesize, some are non-photosynthetic, some are both

TSAR

highly diverse supergroup that includes SAR and sister group telenomia

ex- plasmodium, brown algae, paramecium

Plasmodium

unicellular parasite with complex life cycle involving multiple vertebrate and insect hosts (under TSAR)

Brown Algae

multi-cellular, major seaweeds in temperate ocean, include giant kelp (under TSAR)

Paramecium

unicellular aquatic ciliate that feeds on bacteria, algae, yeast (TSAR)

Dinoflagellates and Diatoms

important in aquatic food chains, phytoplankton makes 50% global O₂ production

red tide caused by dino.

form endosymbiotic relationships with animals to make coral

Archaeplastida

2 main subgroups: red algae and green algae/land plants

Rhodophyto

aka red algae, mostly multicellular seaweed

Green Algae

chlorophytes- unicellular and photosynthetic

charophytes- multicellular, related to land plants

Amoebozoa

amoebas and slime molds, mostly unicellular but colonial slime molds act like organisms

Opisthokonta

fungi and animals and sister taxa (chanoflagellates)

is a clade

Cysts

similar to bacterial endospores, resting stage that can tolerate some harsh conditions

Organelles for locomotion

cillia, flagella, pseudopodia

Nutritional diversity

use of food vesicles, mixotrophy

Land plants

in supergroup archaepladtida

Malaria

person carrying the disease gets blood sucked by a mosquito, mosquito sucks other ppls blood which transfers the parasite

Alternation of generations

daughter sex cells come together and form haploid cells