Chapter 13 - Arousal Regulation

anxiety-reducing techniques

somatic, cognitive, multimodal

somatic anxiety techniques

progressive relaxation, breath control, biofeedback

progressive relaxation

feeling tension in muscles and letting go of tension

breath control

regulating breath to calm down

biofeedback

becoming aware of autonomic nervous system and learning to control physiological and autonomic responses by receiving physiological feedback

cognitive anxiety techniques

relaxation response, autogenic training, systematic desensitization

relaxation response

teaches individuals to quiet the mind, concentrate, and reduce muscle tension by applying th eelements of meditation

autogenic training

focuses on producing two physical sensations, warmth and heaviness, to produce a relaxed state

systematic desensitization

aims to reduce anxiety responses to stimuli by trying to have a response antagonistic to anxiety at the same time of the anxiety-provoking stimuli

multimodal anxiety techniques

cognitive-affective stress management training (SMT), stress inoculation training (SIT), pressure training

cognitive-affective stress management training (SMT)

specific integrated coping responses using relaxation and cognitive components

stress inoculation training (SIT)

exposure to and learning to cope with stress in increasing amounts to enhance immunity to stress

pressure training

specific strategies designed to create and expose athletes to pressure in practice so they are able to cope with pressure in actual competition

matching hypothesis

anxiety management technique should be matched to a particular problem

coping

process of constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external or internal demands or conflicts appraised as taxing or exceeding one’s resources

two types of coping

problem-focused and emotion-focused coping

problem-focused coping

efforts to alter or manage problems that are causing stress

emotion-focused coping

regulating the emotional responses to the problem that causes the stress

group structure characteristics

positive group norms and values, clearly defining communication channels

mastery approaches characteristics

effective behavioral responses, effectively managing change

social capital characteristics

social support, strong group identity

collective efficacy characteristics

group cohesion, positive communications after failure

arousal-inducing techniques

goal is to get athletes to an optimal level of arousal