Unit 2: Electric Potential, Equipotential Lines

Charges in an electric field have a _______________ energy due to the field.

potential

Electrical potential (V) is the __________________ provided by an electric field for every _________________ in the field.

electric potential energy, coulomb of charge

Ue = qVe

The value of electric potential at a point is equivalent to the _________ per __________ required to bring a positive test charge to that point from infinity.

work, coulomb of charge

V = w/q

Electric potential is also known as __________, and has units of ___________

Voltage, J/C

Electric potential is a __________ quantity

scalar

Electric potential is more ____________ near a positive charge

positive

The zero value of electric potential a uniform electric field is ____________

arbitrary

The electric potential in a region of space surrounding a point charge (and charged sphere) can be calculated with _________________. Should the sign of q be used?

V = kq/d, YES

Positive charges always accelerate towards more _____________ potentials.

negative

The electric potential is _______________ everywhere inside a charged conductor, and its value is the ___________ as at the surface of the conductor.

constant, same

Since the zero point of an electric potential is arbitrary, it is more useful to calculate the ___________________, due to the motion through a field. Equation = ___________.

change in electric potential energy, ΔUe = qΔV

When a charge moves freely through an electric field, energy is ______________. Equation = __________-

conserved

KEi + Uei = KEf + Uef

When a charge is moved through an electric field by an external force, the work done by the external force is equal to that charge's change in __________________.

potential energy

When two charged objects are in contact with each other, their electric potentials must be __________________.

equal to each other

Equipotential isolines connect points at all locations of _________ electric potential (energy) within an electric field.

equal

Equipotential lines have _________________ values closer to positive charges

higher (more positive)

Equipotential lines are always drawn ________________ to the direction of the electric field at that point.

perpendicular

Moving any charge along an equipotential line _______________ require work to be done, as the energy of the charge ________________.

does NOT, does not change

Moving a charge from one equipotential line to another requires _______________

energy transfer (work)

Moving a ____________ (negative) charge from lower to higher equipotential lines requires work to be done on the charge, as the charge's energy _______________ (decreases). The amount can be calculated by ___________, and does not depend on the actual path taken.

positive, increases, ΔU = qΔV

When equipotential lines are closer together, the electric field in that region is _________________.

stronger

The electric field is the ___________ of change of electric potential in space:

E = ΔV/Δr

RATE

Two oppositely charged plates produce a ______________ electric field between them, so the equipotential lines are ______________ to each other and _____________. Equipotential lines around a charge (or charged sphere) are concentric circles.

constant, parallel, equally spaced