Theoretical Approaches to Intelligence - Vocabulary Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms from the lecture on theoretical approaches to intelligence.

Psychometric Theories

Theories that look at intelligence from a statistical perspective by analysing patterns in test results to uncover the underlying factors.

Information Processing (Cognitive) Theories

Theories that provide a dynamic view, focusing on how the mind processes and understands information; examine the 'how' of thinking.

Multifactor Theories of Intelligence

Theories suggesting that intelligence is not a single unified concept but a compilation of several different types of intelligences.

Factor Analysis

A statistical technique used to determine the number and types of mental abilities or factors.

g factor (General Ability)

Spearman's concept representing general cognitive ability, shared across different mental tasks.

s factor (Specific Abilities)

Spearman's concept representing specific abilities unique to individual tasks.

Primary Mental Abilities

Thurstone's independent factors of intelligence, challenging Spearman's single g factor.

Hierarchical Models of Intelligence

Models of intelligence that propose many separate abilities arranged in a hierarchy with a single or a few dominant factors at the top.

CHC Theory

A hierarchical model of intelligence with strata representing general intelligence, broad abilities, and narrow abilities.

Fluid Intelligence (Gf)

The ability to reason and solve novel problems independent of past knowledge.

Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)

Knowledge derived from prior learning and past experiences; the accumulation of factual information.

Cognitive or Information-Processing Approach

An approach focusing on understanding the internal processes that drive intelligent behavior.

Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Gardner's theory proposing multiple independent intelligences, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, and musical.

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

Sternberg's theory that intelligence involves a balance of analytical, creative, and practical abilities.

Analytical Intelligence

In Sternberg's theory, involves problem-solving, logical reasoning, and the ability to analyze and evaluate ideas

Creative Intelligence

In Sternberg's theory, it involves the ability to deal with new situations using past experiences, and current skills

Practical Intelligence

In Sternberg's theory, it involves the ability to read and adapt to the context of everyday life