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Food chains
One, linear path of energy & matter
Food webs
At least 2 different, interconnected food chains
Owl (in grass → hare → owl)
Secondary consumer
Owl (in grass → grasshopper → robin → owl)
Tertiary consumer
Arrows in Food Web
Direction of energy flow
Trophic Cascade
Removal or addition of an apex predator has a ripple effect down through lower trophic levels
Bottom-up impact
Impact starting from producers and moving upwards
Top-down impact
Impact starting from top predators and moving downwards
Hunting of whales; depletion of the ozone layer; climate change
Ways humans have affected the Antarctic Food Web
Krill elimination
Consequence on the Antarctic Food Web
Food Web Construction
Includes various organisms like algae, frog, robin, ant, goldfish, etc.
Producers
Organisms placed along the bottom of a food chain
Practice FRQ 1.11
Questions related to describing effects on food webs and identifying consumers