Food chains

Food chains

One, linear path of energy & matter

Food webs

At least 2 different, interconnected food chains

Owl (in grass → hare → owl)

Secondary consumer

Owl (in grass → grasshopper → robin → owl)

Tertiary consumer

Arrows in Food Web

Direction of energy flow

Trophic Cascade

Removal or addition of an apex predator has a ripple effect down through lower trophic levels

Bottom-up impact

Impact starting from producers and moving upwards

Top-down impact

Impact starting from top predators and moving downwards

Hunting of whales; depletion of the ozone layer; climate change

Ways humans have affected the Antarctic Food Web

Krill elimination

Consequence on the Antarctic Food Web

Food Web Construction

Includes various organisms like algae, frog, robin, ant, goldfish, etc.

Producers

Organisms placed along the bottom of a food chain

Practice FRQ 1.11

Questions related to describing effects on food webs and identifying consumers