Creativity (FINAL)

Forecasting

looks at how hidden currents in the present signal possible changes in direction for companies, societies, or the world at large. Thus, the primary goal of forecasting is to identify the full range of possibilities, not a limited set of illusory certainties.

6 Rules for Effective Forecasting

1. Define a Cone of Uncertainty

2. Look for the S-Curve

   • change rarely unfolds in a straight line

3. Embrace the things that don’t fit in

   • bc of our dislike of uncertainty and our preoccupation w/ the present, we tend to ignore indicators that don’t fit into familiar boxes

   • anything that is truly new won’t fit into a category that already exists

4. Hold strong opinions weakly

   • one of the biggest mistakes a forecaster can make is to over-rely on one piece of seemingly strong information

5. Look back twice as far as you look forward

   • you must look for the turns, not the straightaways, and thus you must peer far enough into the past to identify patterns

   • History doesn’t repeat itself, but sometimes it rhymes

6. Know when NOT to make a forecast

   • be skeptical about apparent changes, and avoid making an immediate forecast

Hyperchange

1. Change that is gradual and slow

2. Change that is fast but linear

3. Change that is accelerating and exponential

4. Change that is abrupt, erratic, and discontinuous

5. Change that is increasingly random and unpredictable

6. Change that is radically transformative

To Manage Hyperchange

1. Defend yourself against destructive change to the extent that you can

2. Find creative solutions to the problems being created by change

3. Capitalize on all the new opportunities created by change

4. Continue to produce positive and beneficial changes

5. Make the world a better place by capitalizing on people’s ability to discover, create, and innovate to the greatest extent possible

Contrary Thinking

• “When everyone thinks alike, everyone is likely to be wrong.”

• A process developed by Humphrey Neill, who also referred to it as “thinking opposites”

• Book, The Art of Thinking

• be opposed to the obvious. Train your mind to look at the “other end” of the questions in light of current events and manifestations

Hegelian Thinking

• uses dialectical knowledge with a process of 3 steps: Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis

• take two opposites, fuse the 3rd into a new, completely new idea in its own right

Janusian Thinking

• actively conceiving 2 or more opposites simultaneously

• named after Janus, roman god of doorways, whose head had two faces pointed in opposite directions

• The Emerging goddess: the creative process in art, science, and other fields, Albert Rothenberg

• EX) Watson and Crick - DNA, Edwin McMilan - synchrotron

4 Problem Solving Styles

1. Social sensitive thinking

2. Logical thinking

3. Intuitive thinking

4. Practical thinking

The monster inhibitor to creativity…

“good” taste

Arts & Crafts Movement

informal movement in design that championed the unity of the arts, the experience of the individual craftsperson, and the qualities of materials and construction in the work itself.

• Emphasis was placed on simple, functional forms and the use of local materials and time-tested traditions of construction

Penrose Triangle

• a perceptual paradox, logically it cannot exist in 3 dimensions and yet visually it seems to make sense…

• EX) “Waterfall” by M.C. Escher

10 Commandments of Design

1. Good Design is innovative

2. Good Design makes a product useful

3. Good Design is aesthetic

4. Good Design helps us to understand a product

5. Good Design is Unobtrusive

6. Good Design is honest

7. Good Design has longevity

8. Good Design is consequent to the last detail

9. Good Design is concerned with the environment

10. Good Design is as little design as possible

Good Design is Innovative

• it does not copy existing product forms, not does it produce any kind of novelty just for the sake of it

• the essence of innovation must be clearly seen in all of a product’s functions

• Current technological development keeps offering new changes for innovative solutions

Good Design Makes a Product Useful

• the product is bought or used in order to be used

• it must serve a defined purpose - in both primary and additional functions

• the most important task of design is to optimize the utility of a product’s usability.

Good Design is Aesthetic

• the aesthetic quality of a product is integral to its usefulness because products we use everyday affect out well-being

• But only well-executed objects can be beautiful

Good Design Helps Us to Understand a Product

• It clarifies the product’s structure

• Better still, it can make the product talk

• At best, it is self explanatory

Good Design is Unobtrusive

• products fulfilling a purpose are like tools.

• They are neither decorative objects nor works of art

• Their design should therefore be both neutral and restrained, to leave room for the user’s self expression

Good Design is Honest

• It does not make a product more innovative, powerful, or valuable than it normally is.

• It does not attempt to manipulate the consumer with promises that cannot be kept

Good Design has Longevity

• It does not follow trends that become outdated after a short time

• Well designed products differ significantly from short-lived trivial products in today’s throw-away society

Good Design is Consequent to the Last Detail

• Nothing must be arbitrary

• Thoroughness and accuracy in the design process shows respect toward the user

Good Design is Concerned with the Environment

• Design must make contributions toward a stable environment and sensible raw material situation

• This does not only include actual pollution, but also visual pollution and destruction of our environment

Good Design is as Little Design as Possible

• Less is better - because it concentrates on the essential aspects and the products are not burdened with non-essentials

• back to purity, Back to simplicity

Commercial world

Encouraging financial investments in “creative workshops”

Think of fashion house that’s still going but whose future seems a little dull…

• merger/ acquisitions

• endorsements

• co-branding or collaborations

• creative direction

• licensing

• placement

• brand ownership

• investor

Affiliate Marketing

generating an income by recommending other people’s (or company’s) products

Fabric Design Development

1. fiber section

   • natural, synthetic, regenerated

2. Yarn Development

   • spinning method

3. Fabric Development

   • weaving, knitting, and other

4. Fabric Dyeing Development

   • solution dyeing, yarn dyeing, piece dyeing, & garment dyeing

5. Fabric Finishing Development

   • mechanical & chemical

Printed Fabrics are particularly prone to boom and bust cycles

seasons )or even years) when fashion uses few prints alternate with those on which prints are the fashion emphasis

• of all print categories, florals are the most consistently popular

Performance Fabrics

can cost up to 30% more than non-technical ones but deliver engineered characteristics (which were created during manufacturing to improve comfort)

Cosmetotextiles

a textile article that contains a substance or a preparation that is intended to be released sustainably on to the different superficial parts of the human body, especially the skin, and which claim one (or more) particular properties”

Trends for Men’s Bags (S/S ‘23)

the pop influence combines with carefully chosen components borrowed from the kit or urban fishers: geometric buckles in transparent resin, partially dyed with bright colors, sips topped with sailor’s knots or outer pockets looking like silvery fishing nets

Prints: S/S 2023

• pop effectiveness

• energetic graphics

• untamed folie

• animal abundance

• expressive camouflage

• rural ambiance

• country spirit

• enchanting landscapes

Pop Effectiveness

• a punchy approach to color through pop flowers

• optical vibrations between vivid colors for visual dynamism

• a profusion of ultra-simplified flowers in flat colors

• petals undulate and stretch to evoke psychedelic marbling straight out of the hippie era

Energetic Graphics

• transforming the perception of motifs with simple, upbeat, colorful designs

• Geometric mix lines, polka dots, and cubes in energetic, sugar-coated colorways for a season of exuberant geometrics

• all over mini-graphics or compositions with an artistic feel, drawn with felt pens or paint

Untamed Folie

• sketches of animals and animal skins are modernized through various graphic treatments and unexpected colors

• a deep dive into a welcoming animal world

Animal Abundance

• Fauna us joyfully celebrated with drawings illustrating the animal world: felines, insects, birds, and land mammals occupy backgrounds in busy all-overs or feature in offbeat placements

• superimpositions and accumulations are key

Expressive Camouflage

• a focus on animal skins in surprising hues

• stripes, leopard spots, reptile molts, and butterfly wings are placed under the microscope

• color combinations transpose skins into harmonious universes with soft tonal effects or in mysterious and imaginary worlds, wit bright and luminous colors

Rural Ambiance

• a relaxing theme which echoes the social phenomenon of the urban exodus

• people are looking for new ways of living in the countryside, soothing new landscapes, and invigorating fresh air

Country Spirit

• abundant gardens, herbs, stems, and flowers in full bloom rendered using manual drawing techniques: felt-tip, pastel, gouache, and watercolor

• vibrant all-over motifs evoke colorful, unspoiled fields

• a calm and serene vision of a revitalizing countryside

Enchanting Landscapes

• rolling vistas in soft, sunny hues

• a new rurality expressed by bucolic landscapes and fields devoid of human presence

• a suspended moment in time that creates room for contemplation

• hills seem to take the viewer on a journey to different environments, from the french countryside to arid mountains with a more exotic mood and valleys bathed in picture-postcard sunsets

Denim Trends (autumn/winter 23/24)

• urban denim

• undulating surfaces

Urban Denim

• creatives are enjoying rediscovering the hustle and bustle of big cities and are determined to bring a breath of fresh air to our day-to-day

• they are injecting a dose of fashion fantasy into denim collections with variations on architectural constructions and deconstructions

• they are also having fun shaping the urban territory with abundant nature

• denim fabric can thus be seen as the facades of a city on which flowers and plants may freely express themselves

• a nod to street art also gives rise to a strong need for expression

• on jeans, slogans accumulate in XXL - format, with lettering and patches assembled spontaneously on multicolored backgrounds

• devore and laser printing techniques are used on dark denims

Undulating Surfaces

• we’re talking worn, holey, damaged, even ripped denim

• fringed yokes anarchically placed like patches, part of an upcycling initiative

• the jeans are enhanced using a laser technique: the surfaces are emphatically modified, rasped and rubbed

• random grey and black washed are in, and are incongruously placed for emphasis on the clothing

• intense waxy appearances imitate engine oil stains spreading over the surface, while matte coatings are reminiscent of authentic leathers

• the surfaces are rusted in certain areas and intermingle with more yellowed parts, as if aged

• accessories are also based on this aesthetic

• rivets show a rusted appearance while labels sport forms deteriorated by time

The Story of Velcro

• in early 1940s, Swiss inventor George de Mestral walked his dog in the woods when he saw that his pants were covered in cockleburs

• He put the cockleburs under a microscope and discovered their hook like shape and began his quest to produce a unique 2-sided fasteners: one side with stiff hooks and the other side with soft loops (resembling fabric)

• Velcro was named for the french words, Velour and Crochet

Octopus Gloves

people can grip onto slippery objects underwater, with smart gloves that are dotted with controllable suckers and programmed with sensors

Birdflight

the idea of using clothing to fly

Op Art

Optical Illusions Art

Kinetic Jewelry

components within the design that are meant to move

Biometics

the imitation of nature to solve engineering problems for humans

• EX) GE Project Underminer

General Electric (GE) Project Underminer

• designed to demonstrate the feasibility of rapidly constructing tactical tunnel networks that enable secure, responsive resupply for ground troops

• imitates an earthworm not only in form, but in function too

Beds with Movement

• trundle beds

• bunk beds

• swinging day beds

• Murphy beds

What is the most expensive design element?

Fabric

Tulle

• used for petticoats

• very stiff

• still found in dresses today

What fibers are best for upholstery?

Linen/Flax Fibers

Printed fabrics are particularly prone to…

boom and bust

3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing)

• a method of creating a three-dimensional object layer-by-layer, using CAD

• Tissue re-engineering, food, building components, wearables

• Decentralized manufacturing, digital warehousing, and production on demand

• GOAL: getting the laser to run real curves and circles, not polygonal lines obtained from tessellated data.

• EX) AI SpaceFactory is developing a space-rated 3D printing system designed to operate in a vacuum with temperatures ranging from -274 degrees to -96 degrees.

• EX) First 3D printed school in Madagascar

• Additive manufacturing will provide companies with the opportunity to re-shore production.

• EX) 3D printed reefs to help restore marine biodiversity

5G

• the 5th-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks

• designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices

• higher multi-Gpbs peak data speeds, ultra low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability

• higher performance adn improved efficiency

What is Ambient Intelligence?

• making everyday objects and environment smarter

• the environment understands human needs

• reducing the need for meditation or instruction

• seamless integration of technology with life

• Artificial intelligence, pervasive computing, internet of things, human computer interface, and intelligent networks

Senior Care and Ambient Intelligence

• 60 and older

• can monitor elders/ patients

Tensor Holography

Synthesizes a 3D hologram with per-pixel depth from a single RGB-D image in real time

Internet of Skills (IoS)

• technology where one can transfer knowledge, expertise, and skill in real-time, without the restriction of physical boundaries

• enabler for skillset delivery in service driven economies

• engineers, doctors, artists

Haptics

• Kinesthetic communication or 3D Touch

• sense of touch mediated by technologies

Blockchain

• a distributed database or ledger that is shared among the nodes of a computer network

• as a database, blockchains store information electronically in a digital formation

• The innovation with blockchain is that it guarantees the fidelity and security of a record of data and generates trust without the need for a trusted third party

• blackmarket

• not good for the environment

• cryptocurrency (bitcoin)

Blockchain (Key Takeaways)

• blockchain is a type of shared database that differs from a typical database in the way that it stores information; blockchains store data in blocks that are then linked together via cryptography

• as new data comes in, it is entered into a fresh block; once the block is filled, it is chained onto the previous block, which makes the data chained together in chronological order

• decentralized blockchains are immutable, which means that the data entered is irreversible

Augmented Reality

digital objects in the real environment, physical world overlaid with digital layer

Virtual Reality

creates a simulated, virtual environment, fully immersive digital environment

• ISSUES: VR can make users feel sick (nausea and eye strain)

Mixed Reality

a fusion of the digital and real world, digital elements interact with physical world

Extended Reality

experiences that blur the line between real and simulated worlds

• all 3 realities

Nanotech

the manipulation of matter on a near-atomic scale to produce new structures, materials and devices

Neurotech

an emerging industry at the crossroads between neuroscience and technology, bringing new applications, processes, products, services, or business models aimed at delivering scalable solutions that benefit people living with neurological diseases, healthcare professionals, researchers, and payers

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

an umbrella term for machines capable of perception, logic, and learning

Machine Learning

employs algorithms that learn from data to make predictions or decisions, and whose performance improves when exposed to more data over time

Deep Learning

uses many-layered neural networks to build algorithms that find the best way to perform tasks on their own, based on vast sets of data

Quantum Computing

a type of computation that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations

Tactile Internet

• A very low-latency communication system that ensures very low round-trip delay along with high availability, reliability, and security for real-time human-machine interaction-centric applications execution

• Transmitting a physical sense of touch remotely

Smooth

controllable & simple

Shiny

formal, quality, aloof, exciting, clean, & arousing

Coarse

casual, uncontrolled, natural, & unrefined

Fuzzy

approachable, relaxed, & calming

Thick

lush, comforting, & encompassing

Thin/ Transparent

delicate & fragile

Flexible

controllable & dynamic

Lightweight

young & free-spirited

What is Texture?

• describes the uniformity or variation of the surface of an object

• it can be actual (felt by the skin) or implied (seen but not felt)

Surface Determinacy

The thickness or clarity of a visual surface

• determinate surfaces

• indeterminate surfaces

Determinate Surfaces

• definite, sharp, cleat, few, easily ordered planes, large, hard-edged, geometric, placed in ordered manner, uniform, direct, straight, smooth, matte

Indeterminate Surfaces

• lack of clarity, visual thickness, shapes and lines on many planes, large in number, small, soft-edged, organic, random placement, curved, meandering lines, lack uniformity, reflective surfaces

Moire Pattern

• In terms of physics, it is defined as a wave interference pattern in which two waves superpose to create a new, unique pattern.

• This concept was translated into fashion during medieval times as luxurious hand-made fabric among the bourgeois

Visual Weight

the perceived weight of a form based on perceived size (two-dimensional), volume (three-dimensional), and density

Sources of Fabric Texture & some Examples

• texture from fiber (cross-section)

• Texture from yarn (boucle, combing)

• Texture from Fabric construction (knitting, weaving, felting)

• Texture from Finish (mercerization, crimping, stone washing)

• Texture from Printed surface Design (Painting, flocking)

• Texture from Layout Structure (smocking, gathering, seaming, fringing)

Important sidekick to textured fabrics…

Linings

Lame Fabric

• generally made from metallic yarns, has a cool texture

• metal icy fabric

Karl Blossfeldt (1865-1932)

• originally taken as models for his sculptures and teachings, his work did not earn widespread recognition until 1928, when his photographs were published in the book “Art Forms in Nature”

• At a time when the blurred images derived from Impressionism were prevailing, the clear and remarkably detailed photographs taken by Blossfeldt were admired by the New Objectivity and surrealists alike.

Webb’s First Deep Field

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has produced the deepest and sharpest infrared image of the distant universe to date

• so much detail

Lee Miller

• worked for Vogue as a war corresponder and photographer of the Blitz

• took photos of concentration camps and post-war Eastern Europe

Photography & Social Media

• simplicity of production

• immediacy

• relation to the body and attitudes

Surreal Experimentation

risk-taking wardrobe that refelcts the cultural moment we’re in

Subversive Styling

• Think interesting cutouts, sheer fabrics, unconventional straps, and artful layering

• It’s a futuristic approach to the basics we all know and love, like tank tops, loungewear, lingerie, body-cons, and bodysuits

• slashed, cut-out, and torn-apart tank tops and dresses, and revealing, body-hugging clothes

• An offshoot from “deconstructed” fashion trends

Dopamine Dressing

• The core idea that certain clothes can positively impact mood and trigger the release of dopamine

• Finding clothes that make you happy

Dressing for Safety

• Covid-19

• Creativity in use of materials

Linguistics & Clothing Design

• be careful with placement of words