Lameness and Disease

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32 Terms

1
Lameness
Deviation from normal posture or gait due to pain or mechanical dysfunction. Symptom of condition or disease
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2
Lesion
Pathlogical or traumatic discontinuity of tissue or loss of function
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3
Pathology
Structural and functional manifestations of disease
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4
Blemish
Observable abnormality, does not interfere with the intended use of horse. Cosmetic
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5
Sound
Excellent/perfect health
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6
Serviceable sound
No abnormality exists at the time that interferes with the intended use of the horse
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7
Unsound
Deviation from the norm that may or may not interfere with the intended use. Possible could predispose or be a pathological condition
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8
Lame
Deviation from the ideal, due to pain or mechanical dysfunction. Sign of pathological condition
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9
Acute
Short-term, severe, characterized by pain, heat, swelling
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10
Chronic
Long-standing, less severe than acute, may follow acute, often recurring.
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11
Congenital condition
Acquired during development in the womb, includes hereditary
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12
Hereditary condition
Acquired at conception from genetic material of parents
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13
Obel lameness levels
Levels of lameness from 1-5 based on observability and pain of the horse. Starts at 1 assuming an issue. AFA starts at 0 for sound
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14
Level 1
Difficult to observe, not consistently apparent
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15
Level 2
Difficult to observe at walk or trot in straight line. Consistently apparent under special circumstances.
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16
Level 3
Consistently apparent at all circumstances
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17
Level 4
Obvious lameness, head nodding, shortened stride.
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18
Level 5
Minimal weight bearing, motion or rest, inability to move
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19
Average vitals of the horse
Resting rate - 44 bpm

Temp - 99-101F 38C

Feces - every 3 hours

Urine - every 6 hours
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20
Hoof abscess
Infection of sensitive tissue in the dermal and epidermal layers of the hoof and foot. Caused by puncture or trapped bacteria that produces heat, swelling, lameness, and eventually pus drainage. Can rupture near coronary band or sole due to inflexible hoof wall. Coronary band rupture is more likely if abscess is forward of duckett’s dot (toward toe)
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21
Hoof growth rate (mm)
Foal- 15mm per month

Mature horse- 9mm Per month
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22
Growth plate closure rates
P2 close at 3 months

P1 closes at 6 months

M3 close at 9 months

Radial closes at 24 months
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23
Osteochondrosis
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) joint disease
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24
Physitis
Growth plate disease, inflammation. May be involved with flexural disease and club foot
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25
Angular Limb Deformities
Valgus or varsus
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26
Flexural limb deformities
hyper-flexion, hyper-extension, escessive tension or laxity
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27
Axial limb deformity
The bones do not line up at the joints
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28
Rotational deformity
Can effect the digit, leg, or entire limb
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29
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)
Failure of endrochondral (young cartilage) ossification. May be at the Physis, the Epiphysis or at the Cuboidal bones of the Carpus or Tarsis. Caused by nutrition, heredity, exercise, or trauma
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30
Valgus
inward break of the axis
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Varus
outward break of the axis
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