UIUC MCB150 Exam 1: Disaccharides & Glycosidic Bonds

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11 Terms

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What is a disaccharide?

2 monosaccharides

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What type of reaction forms a disaccharide?

A condensation (dehydration) reaction

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What type of reaction breaks a disaccharide?

Hydrolysis

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Maltose =

Glucose + Glucose (α-1,4 glycosidic bond)

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Lactose =

Glucose + Galactose (β-1,4 glycosidic bond)

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Sucrose =

Glucose + Fructose (α-1,2 glycosidic bond)

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Why do some people have lactose intolerance?

They lack lactase: enzyme to break down lactose

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What is the chemical formula for a disaccharide?

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (C12H22O11)

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Which glycosidic bonds are digestible by humans?

α-linkages (a-linkages) (like α-1,4 and α-1,2), found in starch and sucrose.

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Which glycosidic bonds are indigestible by humans?

β-linkages (b-linkages) because humans lack cellulase.

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What type of glycosidic bond is in cellulose?

β-1,4 glycosidic linkage (b-1,4 linkage)