GENBIO 1ST MOVING EXAM REVIEWER

All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

Cell Theory Postulate 1

The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in an organism.

Cell Theory Postulate 2

All cells came from pre-existing cells through cell division.

Cell Theory Postulate 3

Zacharias Janssen

Came up with the first compound microscope

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

• Father of Microbiology

• Discovered animalcules or what we called as “bacteria” in the gunk of the teeth.

Robert Hooke

Coined the term “cell” as he was reminded of the room “cell” while looking at a piece of cork under microscope.

Matthias Schleiden

• Conclude that every single plant he looked at were all made of cells.

• Was Co-credited for 2 of the Cell Theory Postulates

Theodor Schwann

• Study the slides of the animal cell

• Got a special nerve cell named after him

Free-Cell Formation

Spontaneous crystallization of cells

Rudolf Virchow

Popularized/plagiarized the notion that “all cells come from preexisting cells”.

Robert Remak

Owner of the research “cells came from pre-existing cells through cell division”

Cell

The basic unit of life

Multi-Cellular

2 or more cells

Unicellular

Single cell

Light Microscope

It provides a magnified image of small structures and samples.

1. Eyepiece

2. Rotating Nose

3. Coarse Adjustment Wheel

4. Fine Adjustment Wheel

5. Stage

6. Light Source

True

TRUE OR FALSE

The light has to pass through the aperture-specimen-objective lens-eyepiece-eye

Kirschner and Meester (1988)

Who created the Student-Centered Objectives

To Formulate a hypothesis, solve a problem, and use knowledge and skills on unusual situations

What are the Student-Centered Objectives

Test Tubes

Used to store, mix, and observe small amount of samples

Pipette Tube

Allows the collection and transfer of liquid samples

Gas Bottle

Collects gas

Pinch Clamp

Used to stop the flow of liquid in a rubber or plastic tubing

Crucible Tong

Allows you to hold hot vessels

Test Tube Holder

Used to directly hold test tubes during heating process

Florence Flask

Used in observing chemical and heating solutions

Retort Flask

Used for distillation

Erlenmeyer Flask

Commonly used in titration processes and mixing because of little to no chance of spill

Bunsen Burner

Produces open flamce used for heating and sterilization

Alcohol Burner

An alternative when there is natural gas in the laboratory

Laboratory Gown

Provide protection of the skin and clothing

Plasma Membrane

Provides a barrier separating the inner components of the cell and the outside environment

Cell Wall

Rigid outermost layer of plant cells

Nucleus

The control center of the cell that contains genetic material (DNA)

Cytoplasm

A gel-like substance that contains several organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Network of membranes, synthesis, transport, interconnected tubules.

Rough ER

Contains ribosomes and is responsible for handling proteins and transport vesicles

Smooth ER

No ribosomes and is responsible for calcium storage

Golgi Apparatus

Modifies, sorts, packs, and delivers materials synthesized in the cell

Lysosomes

Digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste

Vacuoles

The storage sac of the cells

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell

Biconcave

Red Blood Cells Shape

Eukaryotic

Can be unicellular or multicellular

Prokaryotic

Unicellular oranisms

Chloroplasts

Responsible for photosynthesis

Vesicles

Transports specific materials to different destinations

Endosomes

Captures and distribute materials from ER and Golgi for degradation, recycling, or incorporation for metabolic pathways