bio 201 lab exam 1

hypothalamus gland

brain, below thalamus

hormone - ADH

pituitary gland

anterior- base of brain, growth hormone

posterior- base of brain, oxytocin hormone

pineal gland

in brain, melatonin hormone

thyroid gland

anterior neck, thyroxine (T4) hormone

parathyroid gland

posterior thyroid, parathyroid hormone (PTH)

pancreas gland

posterior abdomen, insulin hormone

adrenal gland

cortex (outer)- cortisol hormone

medulla (inner)- epinephrine hormone

ovaries

pelvic cavity, estrogen hormone

testes

scrotum, testosterone

what gland is this

pituitary, pituicytes are glial cells

what gland is this

pineal

what gland is this

thyroid

what gland is this

parathyroid

what gland is this

adrenal

what gland is this

pancreas

general functions of hormones

Help to control;
○ Mood
○ Growth and Development
○ Metabolism
○ Reproduction

nucleus is s shaped

basophil

nucleus is bilobed, cytoplasm red

eosinophil

nucleus is U shaped

monocyte

nucleus has 3-5 lobes

neutrophil

nucleus is spherical

lymphocyte

what cells function to transport respiratory gases in
the blood

erythrocytes (red blood cells)

helps clot the blood, prevent blood loss from vessel damage

platelets

ABO system

Type A
→ Has A antigen
→ Has anti-B antibody

Type B
→ Has B antigen
→ Has anti-A antibody

Type AB
→ Has A + B antigens
→ Has no anti-A/anti-B antibodies

Type O
→ Has no A/B antigens
→ Has both antibodies

Rh system

Rh+ → D antigen is present

Rh− → D antigen is absent

A+ = A antigen + Rh(D) antigen

A− = A antigen but no Rh(D) antigen

found on the surface of red blood cells

antigens

found in plasma and attack foreign antigens

antibodies

universal donor

O-

no antigens

universal recipient

AB+

has all antigens

transportation of blood

transports Oxygen CO₂ Nutrients Hormones Waste products Medications

regulation of blood

• Body temperature

• Blood pH

• Fluid balance

protection

• WBCs → fight infection

• Platelets → clotting

• Antibodies → immune defense