fitness and resp post quiz

urinary system starts w

inferior vena cava

inferior vena cava branches into

renal veins

the abdominal aorta branches into the

renal artery

the renal vien and arteries are both attached to

the kidneys

the ureter from the kidney enters the

urethra through the bladder

pathway of urinary system

inferior vena cava→ renal viens….abdominal aorta→renal artery…renal veins and arteries attached to kidneys→ ureter→urethra→bladder

renal medulla

pyramid like structures in the renal column

renal papilla

collects filtered blood from nephrons and becomes urine…surrounds renal pelvis

nephron

filters blood and transports to renal papillae…originates from minor calyx and goes thru renal medulla to renal cortex

renal columns

over the renal pelvis

minor calyx

under renal papilla

major alyx

in the renal pelvis

nephron tubule structure

collecting duct leads to distal convoluted tubule (nephron loop) at the end of this is the convoluted glomerular capsule

blood from afferent arteriole flows to

glomerulus→ proximal tubule→ descending limb→ ascending limb→ distal tubule→ collecting duct

extracellular matrix is

glycoproteins, proteoglycans and connective tissues…w blood vessels carrying blood cells

intracellular fluid

67% fluid…in the cells

extracellular fluid

33% fluid..out cells….80% of the 33 is interstitial fluid and other 20 is blood plasma

kidney maintains homeostasis via

gets rid of waste thru bilirubin, uric acid, ammonia, drugs….reg of normal blood values: ionic comp and osmo, pH, vol, pressure… and produce hormones: calcitricol (active vitamin D) and erythropoietin (produce RBCs)

process of nephron

glomerular filtration, tubular reabsrobtion, and tubular secretion

glomerular filtration

water and solutes into glomerulus #1

tubular reabsorbtion

tubule → blood (peritubular capillary) #2

tubular secretion

cap → renal tube for waste, solutes, ions…whats left in renal tubule = urine

glomerular filtration rate

vol of filtrate formed by kidneys per minute

filtrate moves through to glomerular capsule from capillary by

plasma, fenestra, basement membrane….. no RBC, WBC, or platelets or protiens

tubular reabsorbtion

active and passive transpirt…return salt water back to blood….NaCl via active, water via osmosis

how much filtered is reabsorbed

99%

% reabsorbtion taking place in proximal convoluted tubule

65%

tubular secretion

active transport substances from peritubular capillaries into tubular fluid

filtered and secreted substances are

excreted thru urine..(more rapidly excreted than those not secreted)

renal clearance

substances filtered and secreted are excreted thru urine more rapid than those not secreted

ADH

increase permeability of collecting duct and more water reabsorb at kidney = increase BP

Aldosterone

RAAS, more Na+ reabsorb and K+ out of kidney….water follow na so more water reabsorb at kidney = increases BP