3. Depression, Psychosis, Anxiety, Sleep, and ADHD

What is the brand name for citalopram?

Celexa

What is the generic name for Celexa?

Citalopram

What drug class is citalopram?

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for escitalopram?

Lexapro

What is the generic name for Lexapro?

Escitalopram

What drug class is escitalopram?

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for fluoxetine?

Prozac

What is the generic name for Prozac?

Fluoxetine

What drug class is fluoxetine?

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for paroxetine?

Paxil

What is the generic name for Paxil?

Paroxetine

What drug class is paroxetine?

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for sertraline?

Zoloft

What is the generic name for Zoloft?

Sertraline

What drug class is sertraline?

SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)

What are SSRIs commonly used to treat?

Depression and anxiety

What are common adverse effects of SSRIs?

Nausea, sexual dysfunction, and sleep changes

What serious syndrome can SSRIs cause?

Serotonin syndrome

What electrolyte abnormality can SSRIs cause?

Hyponatremia

What important warning applies to antidepressants in younger patients?

Increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors

Should SSRIs be combined with MAO inhibitors?

No

Why should SSRIs not be combined with MAO inhibitors?

Increased risk of serotonin syndrome

What can happen if an SSRI is stopped abruptly?

Antidepressant discontinuation symptoms

Which SSRI has a particularly long half-life?

Fluoxetine

Which SSRI generally causes less withdrawal because of its long half-life?

Fluoxetine

What is the memory key for SSRIs?

Serotonin reuptake inhibitors commonly used for depression and anxiety

What is the brand name for duloxetine?

Cymbalta

What is the generic name for Cymbalta?

Duloxetine

What drug class is duloxetine?

SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for desvenlafaxine?

Pristiq

What is the generic name for Pristiq?

Desvenlafaxine

What drug class is desvenlafaxine?

SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)

What is the brand name for venlafaxine?

Effexor XR

What is the generic name for Effexor XR?

Venlafaxine

What drug class is venlafaxine?

SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)

What two neurotransmitters are primarily affected by SNRIs?

Serotonin and norepinephrine

Which SNRI is especially important for neuropathic pain?

Duloxetine

What cardiovascular effect can SNRIs cause?

Increased blood pressure

What serious interaction risk do SNRIs share with SSRIs?

Serotonin syndrome

What can happen if SNRIs are stopped abruptly?

Discontinuation symptoms

What is the memory key for SNRIs?

Serotonin + norepinephrine; duloxetine is especially important for neuropathic pain

What is the brand name for amitriptyline?

Elavil

What is the generic name for Elavil?

Amitriptyline

What drug class is amitriptyline?

TCA (tricyclic antidepressant)

What is the brand name for doxepin?

Sinequan

What is the generic name for Sinequan?

Doxepin

What drug class is doxepin?

TCA (tricyclic antidepressant)

What are common adverse effects of TCAs?

Dry mouth, constipation, orthostasis, and sedation

What type of effects are dry mouth and constipation from TCAs?

Anticholinergic effects

What serious toxicity can occur with TCA overdose?

Dangerous cardiac toxicity

Are TCAs generally sedating?

Yes

What is the brand name for bupropion?

Wellbutrin, Zyban

What is the generic name for Wellbutrin?

Bupropion

What is the generic name for Zyban?

Bupropion

What drug class is bupropion?

Miscellaneous/atypical antidepressant

Besides depression, what is bupropion used for?

Smoking cessation

Which brand of bupropion is associated with smoking cessation?

Zyban

What neurologic risk is associated with bupropion?

It lowers the seizure threshold

In what patients is bupropion contraindicated because of seizure risk?

Patients with seizure disorders and certain eating disorders

What is the brand name for mirtazapine?

Remeron

What is the generic name for Remeron?

Mirtazapine

What drug class is mirtazapine?

Miscellaneous/atypical antidepressant

What two important adverse effects are associated with mirtazapine?

Sedation and weight gain

What is the brand name for trazodone?

Desyrel

What is the generic name for Desyrel?

Trazodone

What drug class is trazodone?

Miscellaneous/atypical antidepressant

What common effect makes trazodone useful in insomnia?

Sedation

What rare serious adverse effect is associated with trazodone?

Priapism

Which antidepressants in this section are often seen in insomnia treatment?

Trazodone and doxepin

What is the memory key for TCAs and miscellaneous antidepressants?

TCAs are anticholinergic and sedating; bupropion is also used for smoking cessation; trazodone and doxepin are often used for insomnia

What is the brand name for aripiprazole?

Abilify

What is the generic name for Abilify?

Aripiprazole

What drug class is aripiprazole?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for quetiapine?

Seroquel

What is the generic name for Seroquel?

Quetiapine

What drug class is quetiapine?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for risperidone?

Risperdal

What is the generic name for Risperdal?

Risperidone

What drug class is risperidone?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for olanzapine?

Zyprexa

What is the generic name for Zyprexa?

Olanzapine

What drug class is olanzapine?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for ziprasidone?

Geodon

What is the generic name for Geodon?

Ziprasidone

What drug class is ziprasidone?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for haloperidol?

Haldol

What is the generic name for Haldol?

Haloperidol

What drug class is haloperidol?

First-generation typical antipsychotic

What is the brand name for clozapine?

Clozaril

What is the generic name for Clozaril?

Clozapine

What drug class is clozapine?

Second-generation atypical antipsychotic

What movement-related adverse effects can antipsychotics cause?

EPS and tardive dyskinesia

What does EPS stand for?

Extrapyramidal symptoms

What life-threatening syndrome can antipsychotics cause?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

What cardiac electrical risk can occur with antipsychotics?

QT prolongation

What type of adverse effects are especially associated with second-generation antipsychotics?

Metabolic effects

Which antipsychotic is especially associated with metabolic effects?

Olanzapine

Which antipsychotic has a severe neutropenia risk?

Clozapine

What blood monitoring remains clinically important with clozapine?

CBC/ANC monitoring

What does ANC stand for?

Absolute neutrophil count