Newborn and Fetal Care Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and important points related to newborn care, fetal development, and maternal health based on the lecture notes provided.

The perinatal period is defined as __.

From 28th week of pregnancy to 7th postpartum day.

The neonatal period refers to __.

The first 28 days of life.

The gas exchange in a fetus occurs at the __.

Placenta.

The closure of the foramen ovale signifies __.

Functional closure that occurs after birth.

Ductus arteriosus closure is stimulated by an increase in __.

Oxygen levels.

An increase in systemic blood pressure (BP) occurs due to __ during birth.

Umbilical cord clamping.

Pulmonary blood flow increases due to __ after the first breath.

Expansion of alveoli.

The first breath of the neonate inflates alveoli with __% oxygen.

21%.

The scope of perinatology includes care from __ to four weeks postpartum.

Fetal viability (20-28 weeks).

A nonstress test (NST) monitors fetal heart rate accelerations following __.

Fetal movement.

Reactive NST indicates __ fetal well-being.

Normal.

Preterm rupture of membranes (PROM) is a risk factor for __.

Fetal distress.

The biophysical profile (BPP) assesses multiple indicators including __.

Fetal breathing, body movement, tone, NST, amniotic fluid volume.

Tachycardia is characterized by fetal heart rates exceeding __ bpm.

160 bpm.

Bradycardia is characterized by fetal heart rates below __ bpm.

110 bpm.

Maternal __ increases the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia and growth restriction.

Diabetes.

The recommended folic acid supplementation is crucial to prevent __.

Neural tube defects.

Doppler ultrasonography is used to evaluate blood flow in the __.

Fetal aorta or umbilical artery.

Maternal exposure to radiation during 2-8 weeks gestation can lead to __ in the fetus.

Congenital anomalies.

Amniocentesis is used to evaluate __ in the fetus.

Genetic conditions or infections.

Obstetrics focuses on the care of mothers and fetuses during pregnancy and includes monitoring for __.

Diseases that affect both mother and fetus.