PTRS 710 Advanced Topics in Anatomy Exam 3

Which is most commonly caused by infective endocarditis, possibly leading to Marfan Syndrome

Pulmonary valve stenosis

Pulmonary valve incompetence

Aortic valve stenosis

Aortic valve incompetence

Aortic valve incompetence

A lesion of the superficial fibular nerve would most likely be associated with weakness in creating __________ of the ankle and __________ of the foot.

dorsiflexion, eversion

plantar flexion, eversion

dorsiflexion, inversion

plantar flexion, inversion

plantar flexion, eversion

Which ligament resists posterior and lateral movements of the head of the mandible?

Sphenomandibular ligament

Lateral ligament

Stylomandibular ligament

Articular disc

Lateral ligament

The mandibular fossa and articular tubercle are found on the inferior surface of the __________ of the __________ bone.

lesser wing, sphenoid

petromastoid part, temporal

squamous part, temporal

greater wing, sphenoid

squamous part, temporal

A patient describes difficulty with speaking and chewing. Upon examination, weakness with right lateral deviation of the mandible is found. Impairments in __________ lateral pterygoid function due to a lesion of the __________ nerve are suspected.

right, facial

left, trigeminal

right, trigeminal

left, facial

left, trigeminal

A patient describes difficulty with speaking and chewing. Upon examination, weakness with left lateral deviation of the mandible is found. Impairments in __________ lateral pterygoid function due to a lesion of the __________ nerve are suspected.

right, facial

left, trigeminal

right, trigeminal

left, facial

right, trigeminal

The mental nerve is a direct branch from which nerve is associated with the infratemporal fossa?

Mandibular

Auriculotemporal

Inferior alveolar

Lingual

Inferior alveolar

Right lateral deviation of the mandible involves anterior translation within the __________ temporomandibular joint and posterior translation with lateral rotation within the __________ temporomandibular joint.

right, left

right, right

left, right

left, left

left, right

A patient presents with profound sensory deficits of the face and upper limb. This is most likely due to a blockage of the __________ cerebral artery affecting the __________ gyrus.

anterior, postcentral

anterior, precentral

middle, postcentral

middle, precentral

middle, postcentral

A patient presents with difficulty looking to the right with their right eye. This most likely is due to a lesion of the __________ nerve affecting the function of the lateral __________ muscle.

abducent, oblique

abducent, rectus

trochlear, oblique

trochlear, rectus

abducent, rectus

A patient presents with difficulty looking to the left with their right eye. This most likely is due to a lesion of the __________ nerve affecting the function of the medial __________ muscle.

oculomotor, oblique

oculomotor, rectus

trochlear, oblique

trochlear, rectus

oculomotor, rectus

In which plane is the atlanto-axial joint structured to allow the greatest amount of movement?

Sagittal

Coronal

Transverse

Transverse

In which plane is the zygapophyseal joint structured to allow the least amount of movement?

Sagittal

Coronal

Transverse

Transverse

An injury of an alar ligament is most likely to result in excessive __________ lateral flexion and__________ rotation of the upper cervical spine.

ipsilateral, ipsilateral

ipsilateral, contralateral

contralateral, ipsilateral

contralateral, contralateral

contralateral, contralateral

Signals passing through the dorsal column medial lemniscus __________ the spinal cord transmitting information about __________.

ascend, nociception

ascend, proprioception

descend, nociception

descend, proprioception

ascend, proprioception

Which nerve gives off a branch that passes into the orbit to provide somatic sensory innervation to the eyeball?

Olfactory

Optic

Ophthalmic

Oculomotor

Ophthalmic

Due to the lower pressure within the vessels usually involved, __________ hematomas commonly appear as __________ shapes along the cranial wall in imaging studies.

epidural, concave

subdural, convex

epidural, convex

subdural, concave

subdural, concave

Which gives rise to the midbrain?

Mesencephalon

Myelencephalon

Metencephalon

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

Mesencephalon

The __________ arteries merge to form the basilar artery which gives rise to the __________ cerebral arteries.

vertebral, anterior

vertebral, posterior

internal carotid, anterior

internal carotid, posterior

vertebral, posterior

The false vocal cords lie __________ and __________ to the true vocal cords.

inferior, lateral

superior, medial

superior, lateral

inferior, medial

superior, lateral

Which is innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

Levator veli palatini

Palatopharyngeus

Palatoglossus

Tensor veli palatini

Tensor veli palatini

The styloglossus acts to __________ the tongue and is innervated by the __________.

protrude, hypoglossal

protrude, glossopharyngeal

retract, glossopharyngeal

retract, hypoglossal

retract, hypoglossal

The laryngeal inlet opens into which boundary of the pharynx?

Posterior

Superior

Anterior

Inferior

Anterior

The carotid sinus is a/an __________ at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery which acts to detect changes in blood __________.

dilation of vessels, pressure

accumulation of receptors, chemistry

accumulation of receptors, pressure

dilation of vessels, chemistry

dilation of vessels, pressure

You are treating a patient presenting with Bell's palsy who is experiencing a slow recovery in the function of the temporal part of the nasalis. Which function is most likely limited as a result?

Compressing the nasal aperture

Opening the nostrils

Breathing through the nose

Breathing through the mouth

Compressing the nasal aperture

You are treating a patient presenting with Bell's palsy who is experiencing a slow recovery in the function of the alar part of the nasalis. Which function is most likely limited as a result?

Compressing the nasal aperture

Opening the nostrils

Breathing through the nose

Breathing through the mouth

Opening the nostrils

The greater auricular nerve is a branch of the cervical plexus from the _____

anterior rami of C2

anterior rami of C2 and C3

posterior rami of C2

posterior rami of C2 and C3

anterior rami of C2 and C3

A punch opens a cut across the forehead of a mixed martial artist. Nociceptive impulses from this area of the face travel through the __________ branch of the __________ nerve.

ophthalmic, facial

maxillary, trigeminal

maxillary, facial

ophthalmic, trigeminal

ophthalmic, trigeminal

The pterion is found on the __________ of the __________ bone.

lesser wing, sphenoid

petromastoid part, temporal

squamous part, temporal

greater wing, sphenoid

greater wing, sphenoid

Within the anterior cranial fossa, the __________ are points of attachment for tentorium cerebelli and are a part of the __________ bone.

anterior clinoid process, ethmoid

crista galli, ethmoid

anterior clinoid process, sphenoid

crista galli, sphenoid

anterior clinoid process, sphenoid

Both anterior and posterior chambers of the eyeball are filled with _______.

lacrimal fluid

cerebrospinal fluid

aqueous humor

vitreous humor

aqueous humor

The visual part of the retina is located _______ on the inner layer of the eyeball.

medially and posteriorly

posteriorly

anteriorly

laterally and posteriorly

laterally and posteriorly

Which cranial nerve goes through the internal acoustic meatus?

Vagus

Facial

Trochlear

Vestibulocochlear

Vestibulocochlear

The __________ portion of the deltoid attaches to the __________ one-third of the clavicle.

anterior, lateral

anterior, medial

posterior, lateral

posterior medial

anterior, lateral

The head of the mandible forms the inferior surface of the__________ joint cavity of the temporomandibular joint in which__________ is the primary movement that occurs.

inferior, rotation

inferior, translation

superior, rotation

superior, translation

inferior, rotation

Primary curvatures occur in the __________ and __________ regions of the vertebral column.

sacral, thoracic

cervical, lumbar

cervical, thoracic

sacral, lumbar

sacral, thoracic

An impression of which is typically found only on the inferior surface of the left lung?

Diaphragm

Azygos vein

Esophagus

Cardiac

Cardiac

You are seeing a patient who is complaining of right higher quadrant pain. If this is due to a structure within the right higher quadrant, which is involved.

Appendix

Liver

Sigmoid

colon

Spleen

Liver

Which are concentric actions of the tibialis anterior?

Plantar flexion of the ankle with eversion of the foot

Dorsiflexion of the ankle with eversion of the foot

Dorsiflexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot

Plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot

Dorsiflexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot

A patient presents with a loss of taste over the anterior two-thirds of their tongue. What other signs are expected?

Impaired function of facial muscles

Impaired function of intrinsic muscles of tongue

Impaired function of muscles of mastication

Impaired function of muscles of pharynx

Impaired function of facial muscles

You are treating a patient presenting with Bell's palsy who is experiencing a slow recovery in the function of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi. Which function is most likely limited as a result?

Opening eyelid widely

Opening eyelid slightly

Closing eyelid tightly

Closing eyelid gently

Closing eyelid tightly

In his career as a professional ice skater, Dr. Jones detected linear acceleration forward with the organ in his __________ and rotational acceleration with the organ in his __________.

utricle, semicircular canals

utricle, saccule

saccule, utricle

saccule, semicircular canals

utricle, semicircular canals

Which is continuous from the posterior surface of the eyelid to its attachment to the eyeball at the border between the sclera and cornea?

Orbital septum

Conjunctiva

Lacrimal apparatus

Tarsus

Conjuctiva

Which suture articulated posteriorly between the bones of the hard palate?

Sagittal

Lambdoid

Palatomaxillary

Intermaxillary

Palatomaxillary

A patient presents with a drooping upper eyelid. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Optic

Oculomotor

Trigeminal

Facial

Oculomotor

A patient presents with vision loss. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Optic

Oculomotor

Trigeminal

Facial

Optic

A patient presents with profound sensory deficits of the leg and foot. This is most likely due to a blockage of the __________ cerebral artery affecting the __________ gyrus.

anterior, postcentral

anterior, precentral

middle, postcentral

middle, precentral

anterior, postcentral

Which is most likely to serve primarily in a stabilizing role?

Longissimus thoracis

Multifidus

Obliquus capitis inferior

Splenius capitis

Multifidis

Rib 5 articulates with the inferior costal demifacet of __________, the superior costal facet of__________, and the transverse costal facet of__________.

T4, T4, T5

T4, T5, T5

T5, T5, T6

T5, T6, T6

T4, T5, T5

As a sign of impairment in the function of intrinsic muscles of the tongue, a patient's tongue deviates to one side when they protrude it. Which nerve is most likely affected by a lesion?

Glossopharyngeal

Accessory

Vagus

Hypoglossal

Hypoglossal

The precentral gyrus is part of the __________ and contributes to the primary __________ cortex.

frontal, somatomotor

parietal, somatomotor

parietal, somatosensory

frontal, somatosensory

frontal, somatomotor

The extradural space is a potential space between which structures?

bone and periosteal dura mater

meningeal dura mater and arachnoid mater

periosteal dura mater and meningeal dura mater

bone and periosteal dura mater

The cribriform plate allows fibers of the __________ nerve to exit the __________ cranial fossa.

olfactory, posterior

vagus, anterior

olfactory, anterior

vagus, posterior

olfactory, anterior

The true vocal cords lie __________ and __________ to the false vocal cords.

inferior, lateral

superior, medial

superior, lateral

inferior, medial

inferior, medial

The thyrohyoid membrane has an aperture that provides passage for what two structures to pass?

superior laryngeal artery and internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

superior laryngeal artery and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

superior laryngeal artery and posterior branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

superior laryngeal artery and internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

The laryngeal __________ bulges laterally from between the vestibular folds and the __________.

ventricle, vocal folds

vestibule, laryngeal inlet

vestibule, vocal folds

ventricle, laryngeal inlet

ventricle, vocal folds

Which provide sensory innervation to the laryngeal cavity inferior to vocal folds and motor innervation to remaining intrinsic muscles of the larynx?Internal laryngeal nerve

External laryngeal nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Which cranial nerve supplies the constrictor muscles of the pharynx?

Vagus

Glossopharyngeal

Facial

Trigeminal

Vagus

Which sympathetic cervical ganglion has branches to the plexuses associated with the vertebral arteries and white rami communicantes?

Middle

Inferior

Superior

Inferior

Which form the boundaries of the vestibule of the larynx?

Laryngeal inlet and vestibular folds

Vestibular folds and vocal folds

Vocal folds and inferior margin of cricoid cartilage

Laryngeal inlet and vestibular folds

The glenoid labrum is comprised of __________ and blends with the tendon of the long head of the __________ brachii.

fibrocartilage, biceps

hyaline cartilage, biceps

hyaline cartilage, triceps

fibrocartilage, triceps

fibrocartilage, biceps

Anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint typically results from which combination of movements?

Abduction with lateral rotation

Abduction with medial rotation

Adduction with lateral rotation

Adduction with medial rotation

Abduction with lateral rotation

To which movements at the shoulder can the long head of the triceps brachii contribute?

Extension and adduction

Flexion and abduction

Extension and abduction

Flexion and adduction

Extension and adduction

Which is most likely to be injured with a fracture at the midshaft of the humerus?

Axillary nerve

Inferior subscapular nerve

Suprascapular nerve

Radial nerve

Radial nerve

The flexor digitorum superficialis attaches to the ____________ surfaces of the __________ phalanges of digits 2 through 5.

palmar, middle

dorsal, proximal

palmar, proximal

dorsal, middle

palmar, middle

Which is the most lateral bone in the distal row of carpals?

Triquetrum

Trapezium

Pisiform

Hamate

Trapezium

The radial nerve passes between the heads of the __________ dorsal interosseous muscle and gives rise to the __________ palmar arch.

second, superficial

second, deep

first, deep

first, superficial

first, deep

The palmar radiocarpal ligaments are best structured to resist which movement fo the wrist?

Flexion

Extension

Adduction

Abduction

Extension

An injury to which spinal nerve most likely results in hip flexion weakness?

T8

T10

T12

L2

L2

Which is an intraperitoneal organ?

Pancreas

Spleen

Aorta

Ureters

Spleen

Which spans two to four vertebral levels and functions primarily as in dynamic stabilization?

Multifidus

Longissimus thoracis

Intertransversarii

Rectus capitis posterior major

Multifidus

What is the most inferior branch of the facial nerve?

Temporal

Zygomatic

Marginal

Cervical

Cervical

Occlusion of which artery in association with which pattern of coronary artery distribution is likely to have the most significant negative effects on the function of the myocardium of the interventricular septum?

Right coronary artery in right dominant distribution

Left coronary artery in left dominant distribution

Right coronary artery in left dominant distribution

Left coronary artery in right dominant distribution

Left coronary artery in left dominant distribution

Which attaches to the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

Subscapularis

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

The flexor pollicis longus attaches to the __________ surface of the __________ phalanx of the thumb.

dorsal, distal

dorsal, proximal

palmar, distal

palmar, proximal

palmar, distal

A patient presents with various sensory portions of the face and loss of chewing. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Optic

Oculomotor

Trigeminal

Facial

Trigeminal

Parasympathetic nervous system activity tends to __________ heart rate and __________ peristalsis.

increase, decrease

decrease, increase

decrease, decrease

increase, increase

decrease, increase

The cell bodies of __________ sympathetic fibers are found in the __________ horn of the spinal cord.

preganglionic, anterior

preganglionic, lateral

postganglionic, lateral

postganglionic, anterior

preganglionic, lateral

The paravertebral trunks and their ganglion are associated with which elements of the nervous system?

sympathetic division of autonomic

sympathetic division of somatic

parasympathetic division of autonomic

parasympathetic division of somatic

sympathetic division of the autonomic

Your patient sustained a spinal cord injury affecting the right spinothalamic and lateral corticospinal tracts. Below the level of the lesion, you expect sensory impairments on the __________ and motor impairments on the __________.

left, left

right, right

right, left

left, right

left, right

The superior border of an intervertebral foramen is formed by the __________ vertebral notch of the __________ vertebra of the motion segment.

superior, superior

superior, inferior

inferior, inferior

inferior, superior

inferior, superior

The temporal bone forms the superior surface of the__________ joint cavity of the temporomandibular joint in which__________ is the primary movement that occurs.

inferior, rotation

inferior, translation

superior, rotation

superior, translation

inferior, rotation

The superior surface of the articular disk forms the inferior surface of the__________ joint cavity of the temporomandibular joint in which__________ is the primary movement that occurs.

inferior, rotation

inferior, translation

superior, rotation

superior, translation

superior, translation

A patient is experiencing left-sided craniofacial pain associated with a masticatory muscle disorder. The patient's familiar left-sided symptoms are reproduced with resisted lateral deviation of the mandible to the left. Which muscle is most likely involved in these symptoms?

Left masseter

Left temporalis

Left medial pterygoid

Left lateral pterygoid

Left temporalis

Once when sliding sideways off a rolling stool and landing in a seated position on the ground in front of his patient, Dr. Jones detected linear acceleration downward with the organ in his__________ and horizontal acceleration with the organ in his __________.

utricle, saccule

utricle, semicircular canals

saccule, utricle

saccule, semicircular canals

saccule, utricle

A patient presents with a loss of taste and sensory innervation over the posterior one-third of their tongue. What other signs are expected?

Impaired function of facial muscles

Impaired function of intrinsic muscles of tongue

Impaired function of muscles of mastication

Impaired function of muscles of pharynx

Impaired function of muscles of pharynx

A patient presents with a loss of sensory innervation over the anterior two-thirds of their tongue. What other signs are expected?

Impaired function of facial muscles

Impaired function of intrinsic muscles of tongue

Impaired function of muscles of mastication

Impaired function of muscles of pharynx

Impaired function of muscles of mastication

Contraction of the dilator pupillae muscle of the__________ of the eye __________ the diameter ofthe pupil.

cornea, narrow

cornea, widen

iris, narrow

iris, widen

iris, widen

A patient is experiencing right-sided craniofacial pain associated with a masticatory muscle disorder. The patient's familiar right-sided symptoms are reproduced with resisted lateral deviation of the mandible to the left. Which muscle is most likely involved in these symptoms?

Left mentalis

Left temporalis

Left procerus

Left lateral pterygoid

Left lateral pterygoid

Which muscle is involved with wrinkling skin over dorsum of the nose as in expressing disdain or dislike?

Buccinator

Procerus

Mentalis

Platysma

Procerus

You are treating a patient presenting with Bell's palsy who is experiencing a slow recovery in the function of the palpebral part of the orbicularis oculi. Which function is most likely limited as a result?

Opening eyelid widely

Opening eyelid slightly

Closing eyelid tightly

Closing eyelid gently

Closing eyelid gently

In his career as a professional ice skater, Dr. Jones detected upward acceleration with the organ in his __________ and rotational acceleration with the organ in his __________.

utricle, semicircular canals

utricle, saccule

saccule, utricle

saccule, semicircular canals

saccule, semicircular canals

In his career as a professional ice skater, Dr. Jones detected linear acceleration forward with the organ in his __________ and vertical acceleration with the organ in his __________.

utricle, semicircular canals

utricle, saccule

saccule, utricle

saccule, semicircular canals

utricle, saccule

In his career as a professional ice skater, Dr. Jones detected vertical acceleration forward with the organ in his __________ and linear acceleration with the organ in his __________.

utricle, semicircular canals

utricle, saccule

saccule, utricle

saccule, semicircular canals

saccule, utricle

The lateral wall of the infratemporal fossa includes the __________ surface of the __________ of the mandible.

lateral, ramus

lateral, body

medial, ramus

medial, body

medial, ramus

Which is the primary passive support for the mandible hanging from the cranium?

Sphenomandibular ligament

Lateral ligament

Stylomandibular ligament

Articular disc

Sphenomandibular ligament

A punch opens a cut across the cheekbone of a mixed martial artist. Nociceptive impulses from this area of the face travel through the __________ branch of the __________ nerve.

zygomatic, facial

maxillary, trigeminal

maxillary, facial

zygomatic, trigeminal

maxillary, trigeminal

Which refers to the junction of the frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones which overlies the middle meningeal artery.

Pterion

Bregma

Vertex

Lambda

Pterion

Which suture is found in the midline of the hard palate?

Sagittal

Lambdoid

Palatomaxillary

Intermaxillary

Intermaxillary

Which suture is found between the parietal and occipital bones of the skull?

Sagittal

Lambdoid

Palatomaxillary

Intermaxillary

Lambdoid