Economic Takeoff and Social Change Town City

happy pop quiz day!

Burghs

Castles

What medieval towns would revolve around

Castles and cathedrals

Chartered cities

Cities “planted” and organized by the lord to make money

Flanders

Rising city, popular for their wool, in Belgium

Champagne Fairs

Each year, lasted six weeks, attracted international trade

Methods of international trade

Trade routes and fairs

Urban charters

Written guarantees of freedoms

• To hold property

• To move freely

• To manage themselves

• To not be taxed to death

Usury

Lending money at interest, forbidden to Christians

Craft guilds

Organized workers in towns: cobblers, saddlers, weavers, tailors, smiths, bakers, etc.

Master Craftsmen

Trained professionals, took on apprentices

Apprentices

People (usually young) who were not paid much but were provided with on-the-job training

Journeyman

Deemed competent but below a master craftsman. Paid daily.

Trades dominated by women

Spinning, weaving, brewing, baking

Female Guilds

Existed, but were uncommon. Same roles: Mistresses, journeywomen, appretices

Chivalry

Rising social custom of the era, more gentle manners

Code of conduct

To be courageous, loyal, true to one’s word. To help the weak.

Troubadours

Sang chivalrous tales

Tournaments

Organized standoffs between knights, a source of entertainment

Courtly ideal

Knights and ladies

Courtly love

Knightly worship of a lady

Universities

Evolved from cathedral schools

Seven Liberal Arts

Core curriculum of universities, largely theology, medicine, or law

Thomas Aquinas and Peter Abelard

Valued rational analysis and evidence