AP European History Final Study Guide

AP European History Final Study Guide Flashcards

Industrial Revolution

A period of major industrialization that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s.

Agricultural Revolution

Significant improvements in agricultural production, such as new farming techniques, that paved the way for the Industrial Revolution.

Factors of Production

Resources needed for industrialization, including land, labor, and capital.

Conservatism

A political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion.

Liberalism

A political philosophy originally based largely on Enlightenment principles, holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties should be protected.

Socialism

A political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

Communism

A political theory advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Nationalism

The belief that people's greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history.

Realism

An artistic movement that attempted to represent the world as it was, without romantic or idealistic sentiments.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Schlieffen Plan

Germany's plan to quickly defeat France in the west before turning to fight Russia in the east.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty signed after WWI that imposed harsh terms on Germany.

League of Nations

An international organization formed after WWI to promote cooperation and peace among nations.

Russian Revolution

A pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the rise of the Soviet Union.

Totalitarianism

A political system in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life.

Fascism

A political ideology that emphasizes the importance of the state and puts its interests above those of the individual.

Appeasement

A diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict.

Blitzkrieg

A military tactic based on speed and surprise that employs the use of tanks and air support.

Holocaust

The systematic genocide of about six million European Jews during World War II.

Cold War

A state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc and powers in the Western Bloc.

Truman Doctrine

The principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or Communist insurrection.

Marshall Plan

A U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II.

NATO

A military alliance of European and North American democracies founded after World War II to strengthen international ties.

Warsaw Pact

A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO.

Decolonization

The process by which colonies become independent of the colonizing country.