Skeletal System

Skeletal System Functions

Includes providing body support, protecting organs, producing blood cells, storing minerals, and serving as muscle attachment points.

Types of Bones

Long, short, irregular, sesamoid, and flat bones classified based on their shape.

Axial Skeleton

Consists of bones along the central body axis like cranium, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.

Appendicular Skeleton

Comprises bones in the limbs such as pelvic girdle, leg bones, pectoral girdle, and arm bones.

Bone Structure

Connective tissue with cells and a non-cellular matrix made of calcium and phosphate.

Long Bone Macrostructure

Includes diaphysis (long shaft), epiphyses (rounded ends), cartilage, and periosteum.

Long Bone Microstructure

Contains compact bone in diaphysis and spongy bone in epiphyses with red and yellow bone marrow.

Compact Bone Microstructure

Composed of osteons with central canals, lamellae, lacunae housing osteocytes, and canaliculi for material exchange.