Marple Vocab Set 2

All Vocab for whole year

Cynical (adjective)

Tending to disbelieve

Dissentient (noun)

Individuals who disagree; in opposition to a majority

Enmity (noun)

Mutual hatred or hostility; ill will; animosity; hate

Ensconce (verb)

To settle comfortably

Benevolent (adjective)

Kind; altruistic; compassionate

Abolish (verb)

To get rid of; repeal; terminate

Apathy (noun)

Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or emotion

Apathetic (adjective)

Showing or feeling no interest or enthusiasm; uninterested; emotionless; indifferent

Gambol (verb)

To run or jump about playfully

Preeminent (adjective)

Surpassing all others; greatest; supreme

Tormentors (noun)

People who cause great pain or make fun of others

Acute (adjective)

Mentally alert and awake; astute; shrewd; insightful

Cryptic (adjective)

Mysterious; hidden; puzzling

Maxim (noun)

A rule; motto; axiom

Flog (verb)

To beat with a stick; to whip

Ignominious (adjective)

Shameful; disgraceful; humiliating

Impromptu (adjective)

Done without being planned; spontaneous; spur-of-the-moment; unprepared

Irrepressible (adjective)

Not able to be controlled; uncontainable; uncontrollable

Tractable (adjective)

(of a person or animal) easy to control; docile; compliant; obedient

Perpetual (adjective)

To last for a long time; never-ending; everlasting; permanent

Articulate (adjective)

The ability to express one clearly and coherently; eloquent

Democracy (noun)

A government system where the people have the power to make decisions by voting

Communism (noun)

A system where the government owns everything and everyone is supposed to share equally

Demagoguery/demagogue (noun)

A leader who gains power by appealing to people‘s emotions, fears, and prejudices instead of using logic or truth

Oligarchy (noun)

A government ruled by a small group of powerful people

Socialism (noun)

A system where the government provides many services and may control some industries, but people can still own businesses

Fascism (noun)

A system where a dictator rules the government, controls most parts of life, and demands loyalty to the country above all else

Capitalism (noun)

A system where businesses, property, and money are privately owned and people compete to make profits

Totalitarianism (noun)

A system where the government controls everything, including people’s lives, thoughts, and actions, with no personal freedoms

Propaganda (noun)

The deliberate attempt to influence a mass audience to act or think a certain way. Usually the term is associated with an intent to deceive.

Slogans (noun)

A short, catchy phrase used to promote propaganda

Repetition (noun)

When a message is “drummed” into a listener's consciousness, it tends to be remembered. A group can be trained to repeat the slogan so loudly and long that all rational thought becomes impossible

Loaded Words (noun)

Words that are chosen to make you feel strong emotions - like anger, fear, excitement, or sympathy - without giving facts.

Powerful Images (noun)

Pictures or visuals that make you feel strong emotions or help you remember something

Appeals To Our Fears (noun)

A message that tries to scare you into doing or believing something

Appeals To Our Basic Desires And Needs (noun)

A message that tries to convince you by offering things everyone needs or wants

Card Stacking (noun)

A technique that seeks to manipulate audience perception of an issue by emphasizing one side and repressing another.

Bandwagon (noun)

When a propagandist wins over many followers by convincing his listeners that everyone else is following a certain trend

Transfer Device (noun)

Using a symbol, image, or idea to make you feel a certain way about something else.

Plain Folks (noun)

When a propagandist tries to look like an average person so you trust them more

Equality (noun)

Sameness; giving everyone the same thing

Equity (noun)

Fairness; giving everybody what’s fair so they can all have access to the same opportunity

Rhetoric (noun)

The art of speaking or writing effectively and persuasively

Fallacies (noun)

Common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument.

Emotional fallacies (noun)

Rhetorical fallacies characterized by the manipulation of the recipient's emotions in order to win an argument, especially in the absence of factual evidence.

Red herring (noun)

Something that misleads or distracts from a relevant or important issue. It may be either a fallacy or a literary device that leads readers or audiences towards a false conclusion.

Either/Or Choices (noun)

Choices that reduce complicated issues to only two possible courses of action.

False Need (noun)

Arguments that create an unnecessary desire for things.

Slippery Slope (noun)

Arguments that suggest that one thing will lead to another

Ethical fallacies (noun)

Detract from the credibility of the speaker/writer

Ad Hominem (noun)

Arguments attack a person’s character rather than that person’s reasoning.

False Authority (noun)

Asks audiences to agree with the assertion of a writer based simply on his or her character or the authority of another person or institution who may not be fully qualified to offer that assertion.

Moral Equivalence (noun)

Compares minor problems with much more serious ones (or vice versa).

Guilt by Association (noun)

Calls someone’s character into question by examining the character of that person’s associates.

A logical fallacy (noun)

An error in reasoning or a false assumption that might sound impressive but proves absolutely nothing.

Faulty Causality (noun)

Arguments confuse chronology with causation: one event can occur after another without being caused by it.

A hasty Generalization (noun)

A conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence. In other words, you are rushing to a conclusion before you have all the relevant facts. It’s also known as “small sample size.”

Gaslighting (verb)

Manipulate (someone) using psychological methods into questioning their own sanity or powers of reasoning.

Guilt trip (noun)

Make (someone) feel guilty, especially in order to induce them to do something

Lexicon (noun)

The vocabulary of a person

Poignant (adjective)

Evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret

Charlatan (noun)

A person falsely claiming to have a special knowledge or skill; a fraud; a fake; an impostor

Triage (noun)

The assignment of degrees of urgency to wounds of illnesses to decide the order of treatment of a large number of patients

Commandeer (verb)

Take possession of something; seize; confiscate; hijack

Grovel (verb)

To kneel, lie, or crawl on the ground; to treat someone with too much respect or fear in a way that shows weakness in order to gain approval or favor

Imbibe (verb)

To drink; consume

Dirge (noun)

A song for the dead, typically sung at funerals

Draconian (adjective)

Excessively harsh; severe; cruel

Antithetical (adjective)

Directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible; opposing

Antithesis (noun)

A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else; reverse

Vociferously (adverb)

In a loud or forceful manner

Quintessence (noun)

The most perfect or typical example of a quality; exemplar; stereotype

Persona non grata (noun)

An unacceptable or unwelcome person

Perfidious (adjective)

Deceitful and untrustworthy; disloyal; two-faced

Cronyism (noun)

The appointment of friends to positions of authority without regard to their qualifications

Nepotism (noun)

The appointment of family members to positions without regard to their qualifications

Meritocracy (noun)

When people are chosen because of their ability and qualifications (or merit), not because they’re friends (cronyism) or family members (nepotism) of those in power

Sycophant (noun)

A person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage; brown-noser; suck-up

Voracious (adjective)

Wanting or devouring quantities of food; ravenous; piggish; insatiable

Mellifluous (adjective)

(of a voice) sweet or musical; pleasant to hear

Circuitously (adverb)

(of a route or journey) longer than the most direct way

Disingenuous (adjective)

Not candid or sincere, typically by pretending that one knows less about something than one really does

Integrity (noun)

The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness

Stagnant (adjective)

Of a body of water or the atmosphere of a confined space) having no current or flow and often having an unpleasant smell as a consequence

Embark (verb)

Go on board a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle

An epic (noun)

A long narrative poem about the adventures and deeds of an epic hero; purpose is to entertain, teach, and inspire; blend legend with truth; Sometimes gods or supernatural beings take part in the action; Contains many adventures or a long journey (Hero’s Journey), often covering a large portion of the world or universe, particularly supernatural settings.

The epic hero (noun)

A larger-than-life figure who undertakes great journeys and performs deeds requiring remarkable strength, bravery, and cunning; Possess superhuman strength, craftiness, and confidence; Often portrays the goals and virtues of society.; Helped and harmed by interfering gods; (usually) emerges victorious

Epic simile (noun)

Using like or as to compare things, but developed over several lines

Epithet (noun)

Renames a person with a descriptive phrase; Abusive, derogatory language

Allusion (noun)

A reference to something

Mythological Allusion (noun)

When a piece of art, literature, or music refers to a piece of mythology

Archetype (noun)

A thing, person, or pattern of circumstances that appears repeatedly in literature

Invocation (noun)

A call for help

Invocation of a Muse (noun)

In ancient times, poets and artists would call upon a muse to help them write

Muse (noun)

A person or thing that inspires

Polytheists / polytheistic (adjective)

Believer in many gods, not just one

Promontory (noun)

A high point of land that juts into the sea

Precipitously (adverb)

Very steeply

Peruse (verb)

To look over and read carefully

Malleable (adjective)

Easily persuaded and trainable; pliable