sampling procedures

The selection of respondents from a larger population to answer research questions.

What is Sampling in research?

A group of people from which a sample is chosen to represent the research's focus.

What does the term 'Population' refer to in research?

The limit of accuracy of the respondents' answers.

What is the Margin of Error in research sampling?

• Sample Size

• Sampling Technique

• Heterogeneity of Population

• Statistical Techniques

• Time and Cost

What are the factors affecting sample selection?

Probability sampling allows everyone in the population to have an equal chance of selection, removing subjective judgment.

What is Probability Sampling, and why is it bias-free?

A sampling method where respondents are chosen purely by chance.

What is Simple Random Sampling?

Systematic sampling involves listing all elements of the population and selecting respondents at regular intervals.

Where N is the population size, and n is the sample size.

What is Systematic Sampling, and how is the sampling interval calculated?

Stratified sampling organizes respondents into subgroups based on shared characteristics.

Where NkN_kNk​ is the subgroup size, NNN is the population size, and nnn is the sample size.

What is Stratified Sampling, and how is it calculated?

A method of selecting respondents in groups or clusters sharing similar characteristics relevant to the study.

What is Cluster Sampling?

A method where respondents are chosen non-randomly, relying on subjective judgment.

What is Non-Probability Sampling?

Choosing respondents who are easily accessible for data gathering.

What is Availability Sampling?

Selecting respondents who willingly volunteer to participate in the study.

What is Voluntary Sampling?

Choosing respondents based on the researcher's judgment about their usefulness to the study.

What is Purposive Sampling?

A method similar to Stratified Sampling but conducted using Availability or Snowball Sampling.

What is Quota Sampling?

A method where respondents refer others, leading to a larger sample over time, much like a rolling snowball gathering size.

What is Snowball Sampling?