Design and Art for Consumers Final Exam

Contour

Line is used to denote edges

Use line weight to convey more meaning

Gesture

Less emphasis on the shape, more emphasis on the action

Line does not follow edges only

Often used by artists to hone skills

Shape + mass/volume=

three dimensional

Pattern

Can HELP add texture, but is really the actual repetitive motif on some part of the design

Illustrative perception

Texture

Surface quality of an element

Evoke our sense of touch (physical quality)

May also have a repeated element but variations are not perfect or regular

Illusion of Space

How do we convey a feeling of space or depth in two dimensions?

1. Size 2. Vertical Location3. Overlapping4. Aerial Perspective5. Plan, Elevation, Perspective

Illusion of Motion

If life has constant motion, then how do we capture movement in a still image?

Three Main Parts of Color

1. Hue

2. Value

3. Saturation

Emphasis:

draws attention to particular content, draws more attention to an element than it would have on its own

Focal Point:

a specific place of visual emphasis, get our gaze to the most important part of the design

Continuity:

Our minds connect parts of a design when a line or other element links them together. A flow of vision can point us toward a focal point.

Repetition:

Repeating an image or a word can establish its importance.

Alignment:

The eye is naturally drawn to a point near the center of a page, giving elements in that area perceived importance.

Proximity:

A part of the design that is isolated from other parts can become a focal point.

Scale =

Size

Scale

refers to how an item relates to the size of the room or to something else.

Proportion =

Relative size- looking at the size of something in relation to other elements or standards

Proportion refers to

the shape of an item and how it relates to other things in the room.

How do we achieve balance?

Have to consider the VISUAL weight of objects in your design or parts of your design and figure out a way to achieve equal distribution

Usually consider vertical and/or horizontal axes

Note: gravity!

Symmetrical Balance

Easiest to identify and implement

Bilateral: shapes repeated on either side of a vertical axis

Mirror image idea○ Rooted in our awareness of the human body

Formal balance

Bilateral:

shapes repeated on either side of a vertical axis

Asymmetrical Balance

We achieve balance through dissimilar objects with equal visual weight

Can be called informal balance

Most things we see are asymmetrical

Seems less planned, but still requires planning

Dynamic, Modern, Movement

Visual Rhythm

Based on repetition of different elements

Can be found in any kind of object

Can create different feelings

Often creates movement

Creativity and the Design Process

GREAT design

1. Less, but better

2. Blow people's minds

3. Don't cause unnecessary harm

4. Let function inform design

5. Design local, think global

Can be invisible

Review: Design Thinking

Designing with intent/designing for meaning

A repeatable, human centered method for creative problem solving

Where to find design inspiration?

Look broader...take a step back.

Look closer...

Think younger...like a child.

CONVENTIONAL METHOD: DRAWING

Most conventional design method

Main aid used by designers

Rational:

Checklist

GOAL: get what you HAVE TO DO out of your head.

Creative:

Brainstorming

GOAL: Many ideas

Synectics

GOAL: A specific solution

WHY METHODS MATTER

Something you dislike can still be good design-If we start from our own biases about a problem and fail to consider all possible factors, we may fail to solve the problem.

Considering human factors-so many perspectives of users that we don't have!

Various methods allow us to consider strengths and weaknesses by putting all ideas through some universal steps, forcing us to ask questions, consider other opinions, etc.

Create consistency to our design processes, give us places to evolve

what is a concept?

describes the imagery you are trying to achieve• idea or

visual image from which ALL design decisions can be made

overall idea that unifies the parts of the project

provides direction for the design

organizes the principles and elements of design for a project

What about GREAT design?

While learning about Volvo Trucks as a company answer

the following questions.

1. Name the one most important standard that Volvo has for their trucks.

2. Can their product deliver MEANING?

How?

Sense of self

Company image

Emotions

3. How does this appeal to how consumers purchase? Cultural, social, personal, psychological

5 Criteria for Evaluating Products

1. Less, but better

2. Blow people's minds

3. Don't cause unnecessary harm

4. Let function inform design

5. Design local, think global

Consumer Decision Making Process

1. Need Recognition

2. Search for Information

3. Evaluation of Alternatives

4. Purchase Decision

5. Post - Purchase Evalution

Consumer Behavior

is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the process they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society

Consumer Products

Bought by final consumers for personal consumption

Differ in the way consumers buy them

Industrial Products

Bought for further processing or for use is conducting a business

Bought by other businesses, not consumers

Department store influence:

trend vs. bargain

create products that aligned with home design world

Design for All:

motivated by Humble Masterpieces at MOMA

Best designs come from being

connected to your consumer

Beyond Target...

Consider the consumer

Design Thinking benefits designer and consumer

Design as collaborative

Consumers like the shared story

Best designs come from being connected to your consumer

What is human centered design?

a school of thought, a methodology, that when implemented correctly can get us to a viewpoint where we include as many people as possible in consumer design

Puts human needs, capabilities and behaviors first, then we design to accommodate those things

Increased need due to increased complexity of the things that we interact with...

How do we use design to aid in the fight against confusion, errors, frustration and a continual cycle of updating and maintaining our belongings?

Keys to human centered design

Solve the right problem, but do so in a way that meets human needs and capabilities

The people that face the problems are the ones with the key to the answer

Anthropometrics:

the measurement of the size and proportions of the human body

Universal Design

"Universal design is the design of all products and environments to be usable by people of all ages and abilities, to the greatest extent possible."

Without Universal Design...

We create assistive devices to fill in the gaps for people with disabilities.

Assistive devices are rarely appealing to or useful for other users

For limited populations

With Universal Design...

Features are functionally and visually designed into the product

Thought about from the beginning of the design process

Integrated into the product

For diverse populations

7 Universal Design Principles

1. Equitable: largest pool of users without segmenting/stigmatizing

2. Flexibility: choices in methods of use

3. Simple: user expectations matter! Unconscious!!

4. Perceptible: multiple modes for conveying essential information

5. Tolerance for error: provide warnings of hazards/errors

6. Low effort: can user maintain a neutral body position?7. Size and space: accommodate variations in size/bodies/hands/grips, etc.

Universal Design Benefits

Goes beyond minimum accessibility standards

Attracts good publicity

Increases size of target markets

Society benefits when all diverse citizens can participate fully

Maximum access is a moral benefit to designer and consumers

With better products, individuals with disabilities can manage independently and better contribute to the society in which they live

What do we mean by CULTURE?

anything outside of an individual's genetic control that serves to adjust the individual within their ecological communities

whatever it is one has to know in order to operate in an acceptable manner with the culture's other members systems of shared symbols and meanings

Why is this important for design?

All aspects of human life are influenced by culture Design is an aspect of human life

Design cannot be culture-free

Designing FOR culture

Cross-cultural design

Human Factors

Understanding use of elements

Who are you designing for?

Who is the client?

Designing FROM culture

Using your background to determine what and how you design

Increases diversity of products on market

Increases diversity of voices in industry

Globalization and Design/Culture

Single, worldwide market

Your design/product could take off in different cultures=larger buyer pool

Makes things alike across cultures

Homogenizes consumer needs and wants

Lower production costs

Easier design process

Do we want this?

Is it even possible?

Globalization aims to

provide greater similarity of perception and lifestyle and greater uniformity of product culture.

Your design/product could take off in different cultures=

larger buyer pool

If you can appeal to culture through advertising and packaging, it

resonates with people!

And advertising that appeals to these different cultural and ethnic identities has become a

vital part of the corporate marketing arsenal. But ethnicity-oriented marketing can backfire and even turn multicultural consumers against a product or service if the strategy is wrong.

What can designers do?

Redefine normal away from homogeneity and toward diversity

Redefine masculine and feminine

Be inclusive and accessible

Recognize your own biases and work to unravel them Diverse teams/diverse testers

Research, research, research

Culture thinking as part of design thinking

Globalization and Design/Culture (assets)

Culture Sells & Increases Competitiveness

Improves user satisfaction

Can balance globalization

Allows user to express identity

Can set trends and fashions

Cultural sensitivity and insensitivity

Area for design innovation and inspiration

Influences intuitive use