SARCODINA & SARCOMASTIGORA

• Mastigophora or flagellates

• Sarcodina or Amoeba

Sarcomastigophora is divided into 2 subphylum:

Mastigophora or flagellates

Moves by means of flagella

Mastigophora or flagellates

Long, threadlike extension of the cytoplasm

Mastigophora or flagellates

Used in propelling the organism

Mastigophora or flagellates

Arises from small intracytoplasmic granules known as blepharoplasts

Mastigophora or flagellates

Number varies in specie

Mastigophora or flagellates

Includes Giardia lamblia and Dientamoeba fragilis

• Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

• Blood and Tissue Flagellates

What is the subtype of Mastigophora or flagellates?

• Sarcodina

What is the subtype of Sarcodina or Amoeba?

1. Enteromonas hominis

2. Embadomonas intestinalis

3. Chilomastix mesnili

4. Giardia lamblia

5. Trichomonas hominis

6. Trichomonas tenax

7. Trichomonas vaginalis

Subtypes of Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

1. Leishmania tropica

2. Leishmania braziliensis

3. Leishmania donovani

4. Trypanosoma rhodesiense

5. Trypanosoma gambiense

6. Trypanosoma cruzi

Subtypes of Blood and Tissue Flagellates

1. Entamoeba histolytica

2. Entamoeba hartmanni

3. Entamoeba coli

4. Entamoeba polecki

5. Naegleria fowleri

6. Acanthamoeba

Subtypes of Sarcodina

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Enteromonas hominis

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Embadomonas intestinalis

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Chilomastix mesnili

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Giardia lamblia

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Trichomonas hominis

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Trichomonas tenax

Digestive Tract and Genital Flagellates

Trichomonas vaginalis

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Leishmania tropica

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Leishmania braziliensis

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Leishmania donovani

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Trypanosoma rhodesiense

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Trypanosoma gambiense

Blood and Tissue Flagellates

Trypanosoma cruzi

Sarcodina

Entamoeba histolytica

Sarcodina

Entamoeba hartmanni

Sarcodina

Entamoeba coli

Sarcodina

Entamoeba polecki

Sarcodina

Naegleria fowleri

Sarcodina

Acanthamoeba

Entamoeba histolytica

First discovered in 1875

Entamoeba histolytica

Inhabits the large intestine

Entamoeba histolytica

Usually feeds(trophozoite) on red blood cells causing ulceration, which will lead to amebic dysentery

Entamoeba histolytica

Will also evade the small capillaries, which will be used as their mode of transportation in the body

Entamoeba histolytica

Move by means of pseudopodia

Entamoeba histolytica

The ectoplasm of this parasite is usually characterized as “clear glasslike”

Entamoeba histolytica

Motility is progressive and directional, which can be enhanced by heating the sample in the slide

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

True amoeba

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Visible peripheral chromatin

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

“Clean-looking” trophozoite

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Moves in one direction

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Has only one pseudopod

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Endoplasm contains RBC but no bacteria

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Nucleus is not visible when stained

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Nucleus consists of thin nuclear membrane with layer of uniformly sized fine chromatin granules

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Fine centrally located karyosome

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

“Bull’s- eye amoeba”

E. histolytica (Trophozoite)

Chromatoidal bars: cigar-shaped

Cyst

Infective stage of Entameoba histolytica

E. histolytica (Cyst)

Coffin-shaped chromatoidal bars

E. histolytica (Cyst)

Mature cyst with 4 nuclei or quadri nucleated

Entamoeba hartmanni

Smaller type of Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba hartmanni

Ingests bacteria but not RBC

Entamoeba hartmanni

Usually non-pathogenic

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Commensal amoeba

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

“Dirty-looking” trophozoite

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Several and sluggish movement

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Extends many pseudopods

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Endoplasm contains bacteria, yeasts, and cells

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Stained nucleus consists of thicker nuclear membrane

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

With layer of various sized chromatin granules unevenly distributed along the inside border of the nuclear membrane

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Large eccentrically located karyosome

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Larger than E. histolytica measuring 15-50 microns

Entamoeba coli (Trophozoite)

Non-pathogenic to humans

Entamoeba coli (Cyst)

Chromatoidal bar can be seen as splinter-like needles

Entamoeba coli (Cyst)

Mature cysts with 8 nuclei

Entamoeba coli (Cyst)

Chromatoidal bars (pointed ends)

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite)

Measures 6-12 microns in diameter

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite)

Movement is sluggish

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite)

Karyosome appears as large round dot

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite)

1 nucleus, no peripheral chromatin, blot-like karyosome

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite and Cyst)

Cytoplasm: finely granula

Endolimax nana (Trophozoite)

Size: 10 um

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

Measures 6-16 microns in diameter

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

Usually oval

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

Possess 4 nuclei when mature

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

“Cross-eyed” cyst

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

4 nuclei, no peripheral chromatin, blot-like karyosome

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

Size: 8 um

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

Smallest amoeba

Endolimax nana (Cyst)

non-pathogenic

Iodamoeba williamsi

Iodamoeba butschlii is also called as____.

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

Measures 6-25 microns in diameter

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

Intracellular inclusions and motility is the same with E. coli

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

Karyosome is large, irregular and rounded with a cluster of achromatic granules

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite and Cyst)

1 nucleus; no peripheral chromatin, blot-like karyosome same as Endolimax nana

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite and Cyst)

Cytoplasm - coarsely granular

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

Glycogen vacuole may or may not

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

No defined cell wall

Iodamoeba butschlii (Trophozoite)

Size: 15 um

Iodamoeba butschlii (Cyst)

Only one nucleus when mature

Iodamoeba butschlii (Cyst)

A large iodine-staining glycogen vacuole is a prominent feature

Iodamoeba butschlii (Cyst)

Glycogen vacuole present

Iodamoeba butschlii (Cyst)

size:12 um

Entamoeba gingivalis (Trophoziote)

Measures 5-35 microns in diameter

Entamoeba gingivalis (Trophoziote)

Extrudes pseudopodia similar to E. histolytica but does not exhibit true progressive locomotion

Entamoeba gingivalis (Trophoziote)

Small and centrally located karyosome

Entamoeba gingivalis

No cystic stage

Entamoeba polecki

Parasite of pigs and monkey