OTPF-4, ICF, and Environmental Factors Vocabulary (Lecture Notes)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key OT, ICF/WHO concepts, and environmental factors discussed in the lecture notes.

OTPF-4

AOTA's Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, Fourth Edition; outlines how OT views occupation, client factors, performance, contexts/environments, and activity demands.

ICF

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; framework for describing functioning and disability, including body functions/structures, activities, participation, and environmental factors.

WHO perspective on disability

Disability resides in society and environment, not solely in the medical condition; social norms and environmental barriers influence participation.

Personal factors

Internal characteristics (age, education, profession, lifestyle, race/ethnicity, gender, culture) that influence participation and are not static.

Environmental factors

Surroundings that influence function, including physical, social, and attitudinal aspects, plus support relationships and services.

Physical environment

Tangible surroundings and built environment (products/technology, bathrooms, doors, etc.) that can enable or hinder performance.

Social environment

Supportive networks and relationships (family, friends, caregivers) and social attitudes affecting participation.

Accessibility

Ability to enter, use, and benefit from an environment or service, including design features that support use by people with disabilities.

Negotiability

The degree to which an environment can be navigated and used effectively by people of varying abilities.

Universal Design

Design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without adaptation.

Barriers to occupation

Negative factors that hinder engagement in occupations or activities.

Positive influence

Factors that enable participation or engagement in occupations.

Negative influence

Factors that impede participation or create barriers to occupation.

Natural environment

Landforms, bodies of water, gravity, and natural forces (weather, hazards) that affect functioning.

Internal forces

Forces produced by muscles within the body.

External forces

Forces outside the body that affect movement, including gravity, fluid forces, and contact forces.

Buoyancy

Upward force exerted by a fluid that reduces effective weight in water.

Drag

Resistance encountered when moving through a fluid; increases with velocity.

Lift

Upward force experienced when moving in a fluid (or air) that can oppose gravity.

Gravity

Downward force pulling toward the Earth’s center; a constant external force.

Simple machines

Basic devices that change force or direction: inclined plane, lever, pulley, wheel and axle, screw, wedge.

Lever classes

Three classes: Class I (axis between effort and load), Class II (load between axis and effort), Class III (effort between axis and load).

Active insufficiency

Muscle cannot contract sufficiently to produce full range of motion at all joints it crosses.

Passive insufficiency

Muscle cannot stretch sufficiently to allow full range of motion at all joints it crosses.

Open vs closed kinematic chain

Open chain: distal segment moves freely; usually non-weight-bearing. Closed chain: distal segment fixed/weight-bearing; multiple joints move together.

ADA

Americans with Disabilities Act; federal law mandating accessibility and reasonable accommodations in facilities and services.