CONGRESS OF VIENNA

Congress of Vienna

1814 meeting to restore European conservative order.

Prince von Metternich

Austrian foreign minister, key Congress of Vienna leader.

Principle of Legitimacy

Restoration of lawful monarchs to power post-Napoleon.

Balance of Power

Distribution of power to prevent dominance by one nation.

Conservatism

Political philosophy favoring traditional authority and stability.

Concert of Europe

Meetings of great powers to maintain peace in Europe.

Principle of Intervention

Right to restore legitimate monarchs using military force.

Liberalism

Political philosophy advocating individual freedoms and civil liberties.

Civil Liberties

Basic rights including equality, assembly, speech, and press.

Constitutionalism

Government ruled by a constitution ensuring rights protection.

Constitutional Monarchy

Monarch must adhere to constitutional laws.

Religious Toleration

Acceptance of diverse religious beliefs and practices.

Separation of Church and State

Distinction between religious institutions and government authority.

Representative government

Legislature elected by qualified voters to make laws.

Voting Rights in 1815 Europe

Limited to property-owning men, excluding lower classes.

Nationalism

Identification with a nation, seeking self-governance.

Nation-State

A state representing a distinct national identity.