Biomolecules: Nucleic acids

nucleoside structure

pentose sugar and nitergenous base

what are the purines

adenine and guanine

what are the 3 pyrimidines

uracil thymine and cytosine

what is a sugar and base linked with to form a nucleoside

condensation

DNA nd RNA both contain what 4 bases each?

two purines and two pyrimidines

how does hydrogen bonding stabilise the double helix?

large number of relatively weak H bonds contribute greatly to prevent the strands from seperating under normal conditions

how does hydrophobic affects stabilise the double helix

produced by hydrophobic purines

what does addition of a phsphate group to the sugar via condensation give us

ribonucleotide

how is the primary structure of DNA formed

by 3’ to 5’ phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides

polymerisation steps (replication) 4

• addition of free nucleosides

• unwind and seperate

• acts as a template for a complementary strand to be built

• base pairinf always involves C-G and A-T

required mixture for pcr (4)

• target dna

• two primers

• 4 triphosphates

• thermostable DNA polymerase