US History ACP Lap 2 Quiz

Change the gov: What did the Judiciary Act do and why was it a Fed success?

it structured the judicial branch and established a court hierarchy (District, Circuit, SCOTUS)

it increased the power of the Federal gov

What was created to help the Executive enforce laws?

Cabinet

What was the biggest problem facing Washington and the new gov?

debt

What were Hamilton and Jefferson’s jobs in the Washington administration?

Hamilton: Secretary of the Treasury

Jefferson: Secretary of State

What were the main points of Hamilton’s economic plan?

tariffs & excise taxes to create an income

create a national bank to deposit the money (to repay debts & provide currency)

How does the creation of a Bank reflect the Federalists’ loose interpretation?

If Constitution doesn’t forbid the Bank, then Feds can establish the bank

How did opposition to the bank reflect Dem-Reps’ interpretation of the Constitution?

If the Constitution doesn’t explicitly say the gov can do it, then can’t establish the bank

Contrast Federalist and Dem-Republican philosophies of political powers in gov.

Fed: strong, central gov (federal power); loose interpretation of Constitution

Dem-Rep: small gov/ states’ rights (limited gov/ local gov); strict interpretation of Constitution

Contrast the economic focus and supporters of Feds and Dem-Reps.

Feds: focus on banking, commerce, manufacturing; supported by wealthy merchants/bankers with ties to GB

Dem-Reps: focus on farming; supported by farmers/landowners

Which side won the 1791 bank debate? Compromise?

Hamilton & the Feds won

The Feds got the Bank, while the Dem-Rep wanted to move capital to Washington D.C.

Results: What was the main political side effect of the Bank issue?

political parties (Hamilton wanted national bank, but Jefferson said it was against the Constitution, forcing people to pick sides)

How did some Westerners later oppose the Fed’s excise tax?

Whiskey Rebellion

How did Washington finally end the Whiskey Rebellion and maintain unity?

sent troops to arrest leaders

Results: What are several results of the Whiskey Rebellion?

restored law & order/ maintained unity

showed federal gov could enforce laws

Change the gov: What was added to the Constitution in 1791?

Bill of Rights

What did the Proclamation of Neutrality say and what was the impact on the US?

Said: US would stay neutral & not take sides in the war between France & GB; warned Americans not to help either country

Impact: basis of US foreign policy for next 100+ years

Foreign Policy Terms: Treaty of Greenville and Pinckney Treaty

Greenville: forced Native groups to give up land in Ohio and Indiana to the US

Pinckney: Spain gave the US free navigation of the Mississippi River & the right to use the port of New Orleans

What were the Alien and Sedition Acts and why were they passed by Congress?

laws that let the gov deport non-citizens easily & made it illegal to publicly criticize the gov

Passed bc Federalists wanted to silence Dem-Reps & stop immigrants from voting against them

How did the Dem-Reps respond to the Alien and Sedition Acts?

wrote the Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions, proposes the nullification- states can ignore laws

Why did the House decide the election of 1800 and relate to the 12th Amendment?

there were massive Electoral College voting issues during the election (Jefferson & Burr tied)

12th: passed so that voting ties wouldn’t happen again

What are 2 characteristics of the Revolution of 1800?

1st Democratic-Republican President (Jefferson) and 1st peaceful change of political power to Dem-Reps

Following Dem-Rep ideals, what actions by Jefferson decreased federal power?

cut taxes, reduced the budget, downsized the military

Criticism: What were Jefferson’s political and economic problems with the LA Purchase?

Political: strict interpretation (but Constitution never says how to buy land), governance, neighbors (got rid of French in NA)

Economic: cost ($15 million in debt)

List several benefits of/ arguments in favor of the Louisiana Purchase.

doubled the size of the US (agriculture & trade), Lewis & Clark sent to identify resources, removed French & Spanish from immediate border

Marbury v. Madison (1803)- define what was established and its impact.

established judicial review (judges reviewing laws)

Impact: Marshall increased the power of the Court and Federal gov