Week 2 Clinical Pearls

G protein-linked systems

One of the signal transduction cascades. Passes message from first receptor to a second, third, fourth, etc.

Glutamate

Excitatory neurotransmitter

5 Most Important Nucleoside Triphosphates (NTPs)

CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4

Induces CYP1A2

Smoking

Partial agonist

Drug does not fully activate receptors; partially activates

Agonist

Drug binds to receptor and activates full response

Inverse agonist

Drug causes opposite effect of agonist; even baseline receptor activity is stopped

Antagonist

Drug binds to receptor but does not activate a response

Neurotransmitters

Activate G protein-linked systems and ion-linked cascades

Sodium Channels

Mediate propagation of action potentials to the axon terminal

Calcium channels

Mediate docking of synaptic vesicles and secretion of neurotransmitters into the synapse

Agonist action on ligand-gated ion channels

Cause channels to open more frequently

Chemical transmission

Neurotransmitters mediate communication between neuron synapses

Transcription factors

proteins that bind to promoter sequences of DNA to turn gene expression on and off

Foundation of Psychopharmacology

Chemical neurotransmission