Resins, Gum-Resins, & Similiar Substances

Resin

this term is applied to more or less solid, amorphous products of complex chemical nature

Shellac

obtained from the secretions of insect

Glucoresins / Glycoresin

what resins may also be combined in a glycosidal manner with sugars, as in the Convolvulaceae.

Resin

Chemical property;

• soften and finally melt when heated

• insoluble in water, usually insoluble in petroleum spirit

• dissolve more or less completely in alcohol, chloroform & ether

Resin

complex mixtures composed of resin acids, resin alcohols, resin phenols, esters, and resenes

Resin Alcohols

aka; resinols

Resin Phenols

aka; resinotannols

Volatile oils

aka; oleoresins

Gums

aka; gum-resins

Oil & Gum

aka; oleo-gumresins

Myrrh

an oleo-gum resin, obtained from the stem of various species of Commiphora (Burseraceae)

Commiphora molmol

The principal source of Myrrh

7-17%

Myrrh contains ___ of volatile oil

25-40%

Myrrh contains ___ of resin

57- 61%

Myrrh contains ___ of gum

3-4%

Myrrh contains ___ of impurities

Myrrh

used in incense and perfumes, like Olibanum (Frankincense)

Myrrh

• local stimulant and antiseptic properties (like many other resins)

• mouth-wash or gargle for its astringent effect on mucous membranes.

Furanosesquiterpenes

Myrrh’s aroma comes from a family of compounds called

Analgesic

Animal studies have suggested some compounds in myrrh can have an ___ effect.

Olibanum

an oleo-gum-resin obtained by incision from the bark of Boswellia carterii, Boswellia frereana and other species of Boswellia (Burseraceae)

Olibanum

Properties;

• Odor is characteristic, especially when burned

• taste - slightly biter

Olibanum

• formerly as a stimulant and has been used in China for the treatment of leprosy

• used in incense and fumigating preparations

Anti-inflammatory

With animal models, have reported a positive ____ actvity for the drug

Incensole Acetate

compound that could help alleviate anxiety & depression.

Asafoetda

an oleo-gum-resin obtained by incision from the living rhizome and root of Ferula foetida, Ferula rubricaulis, and other species of Ferula (Umbelliferae)

Asafoetda

• carminative and expectorant properties of the volatile oil fraction

• an ingredient of certain sauces.

Damiana

A shrub that consists of the dried leaves of Turnera diffusa var. aphrodisiaca (Turneracee), and probably other species of Turnera.

Damiana

traditionally used in Mexico and Southern USA to revive libido

Aphrodisiac

Elixir of Damiana and Saw Palmeto and other admixtures are used as…

Copaiba

an oleoresin obtained from the trunks of various species of Copaifera (Leguminosae)

Copaiba

• formerly used as a urinary antiseptic

• completely replaced by antibiotics

Yerba Santa

consists of the dried leaf of Eriodictyon californicum (Hydrophyllaceae)

Yerba Santa

employed in the USA for the preparation of a fluid extract and Aromatic Eriodictyon Syrup

Aromatic Eriodictyon Syrup

used to mask the taste of biter and otherwise disagreeable medicines, particularly quinine

Asthma

American Indians smoked or chewed the leaves as a cure for ___.

Yerba Santa

• treatment of bruises, insect bites

• excellent expectorant

Gamboge

gum-resin obtained from Garcinia hanburii (Gutferae)

Gamboge

• acts as a purgative

• used as a pigment

• but is now little used in human medicine

Mastic

an oleoresin containing little oil, obtained from various cultivated varieties of Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae)

Mastic

• preparation of Compound Mastic Paint

• as a microscopical mountant

Mastic

In Greece and the Middle East, ___ has been used for centuries as a protective agent for the stomach

Gastric ulcers

Investigations at the University of Nottingham Medical School indicated Mastic’s success in the treatment of ____.

Mastic

kills Helicobacter pylori at concentrations of 0.06 mg/ml

Colophony

aka; Rosin

Colophony

a resin residue left after volatile turpentine oil is removed from the oleoresin of pine trees

Colophony

• preparation of zinc oxide and other adhesive plasters, ointments, etc