SBI4U: CELL PARTS PREP

Smooth ER - Function

It is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification of harmful substances.

Cell Wall - Function

It provides structural support, protects the cell, and helps maintain the cell's shape.

Smooth ER - Identification

You can identify it because it is a network of folded membranes without ribosomes attached.

Cell Wall - Identification

It is the rigid layer outside the cell membrane.

Mitochondrion - Function

It produces ATP for the cell through cellular respiration.

How do you identify a mitochondrion?

It has an oval/bean-like shape with a highly folded inner membrane.

What's the function of the cytoskeleton?

It provides internal support, helps maintain the cell's shape, and helps transport materials around the cell.

How do you identify the cytoskeleton?

It looks like a network of protein fibres throughout the cell and is not enclosed by a membrane.

What's the function of a vacuole?

It stores water, nutrients, and waste and helps maintain water balance and turgor pressure in plant cells.

How do you identify a vacuole?

In plant cells, the large central vacuole can take up most of the cell's volume.

What's the function of a chloroplast?

It carries out photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in energy-rich molecules.

How do you identify a chloroplast?

It contains stacks of disk-shaped structures with chlorophyll in their membranes.

Rough ER

Folds and transports proteins, usually to the Golgi complex to be further processed

Structure of Rough ER

A network of folded membranes covered with ribosomes on its surface

Golgi Complex Function

Modifies, sorts, packages, and transports proteins to where they are needed.

Function of Ribosomes

Makes proteins by joining amino acids together.

Structure of Golgi Complex

A stack of flattened, membrane-bound sacs with. It’s shape is relatively similar to pancakes.

Structure of vesicles

Small, membrane-bound sacs that contain substances.

Function of Vesicles

Transport substances from one part of the cell to another or to the cell membrane.

Nucleolus Structure

A dense, round region found inside the nucleus.

Nucleolus Function

Produces ribosomes

Nucleus Function

A large, membrane-bound organelle surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope. It contains the cell’s DNA and the nucleolus.

Function of Nucleus

Stores and protects DNA and controls the activities of the cell.

DNA Function

Stores genetic information that provides instructions for cell functions and protein production.