Chapter 15: Empires in South and Southwest Asia

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Ottoman Empire

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20 Terms

1

Ottoman Empire

a vast empire founded by Osman Bey in 1289

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2

Mehmed the Conqueror

Ottoman sultan (1451-1481) who captured Constantinople in 1453

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3

Suleyman the Magnificent

Ottoman sultan (1520-1566) known for expanding the empire into Europe and Asia and building a powerful navy that challenged European fleets.

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4

Safavid Empire

a Turkish-dominated empire in Persia and Mesopotamia

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5

Twelver Shiism

a form of Shiite Islam that holds the belief in twelve imams

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6

Battle of Chaldiran

a 1514 conflict between the Ottoman and Safavid empires

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7

Shah Abbas the Great

Safavid ruler (1588-1629) who revitalized the empire by modernizing the military

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8

Mughal Empire

an empire in India founded by Babur in 1523

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9

Babur

the founder of the Mughal Empire (1523-1530)

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10

Akbar

Mughal emperor (1556-1605)

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11

Aurangzeb

Mughal emperor (1659-1707)

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12

Dynastic State

an empire's political system where rulers derived their authority from military achievements and piety

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13

Steppe Traditions

the nomadic traditions that influenced the Islamic empires

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14

Agriculture and Trade

key factors in the economy of the Islamic empires

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15

Religious Affairs

Islamic empires like the Ottomans Safavids and Mughals dealt with religious diversity

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16

Cultural Patronage

Islamic emperors sponsored art and public works like mosques

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17

Dynastic Decline

the decline of imperial leadership between the 16th and 18th centuries due to negligent rulers

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18

Economic and Military Decline

the gradual stagnation of the Islamic empires' economies and militaries

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19

Cultural Insularity

the resistance of Islamic empires to foreign cultural innovations like the telescope and printing press

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20

Printing Press

the introduction of printing technology to the Ottoman Empire

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