Italian Fascism - Nazism - Stalinism

Totalitarianism

a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state

Black Shirts

Paramilitary supporters of Benito Mussolini in Italy who used violence and intimidation to support fascism.

March on Rome

A 1922 event where Benito Mussolini and his followers pressured the Italian government, leading to him becoming prime minister.

Mein Kampf

A book written by Adolf Hitler outlining his political ideas, including nationalism, racism, and expansion.

Enabling Act

A 1933 law in Germany that allowed Adolf Hitler to pass laws without parliament, effectively giving him dictatorial power.

Nuremberg Laws

Laws passed in 1935 in Nazi Germany that discriminated against Jewish people and stripped them of citizenship rights.

War Communism

the economic and political system applied by the Bolshevik government in Soviet Russia during the Russian Civil War

New Economic Policy (NEP)

an economic policy introduced by Vladimir Lenin and the Soviet government in 1921 to replace the failed policy of "War Communism"

Collectivisation

A policy under Joseph Stalin forcing farmers to join large state-controlled farms.

Kulaks

Wealthier peasants in the Soviet Union who were targeted by Stalin’s government during collectivisation.

Holodomor

A severe famine in 1932–33 in Soviet Ukraine, linked to collectivisation policies under Joseph Stalin.