omissions

if there is a responsibility to act (depending on relationship between the defendant and the claimant )

Misfeasance

include failing to rescue a stranger and failing to prevent a third party causing harm (where no relationship between the defendant and claimant or between the defendant and the third party)

Non-feasance

General rule, no duty for omissions

Smith 1987

Relationship of care and control

Dorset yacht 1970

Where defendant assumes responsibility for the claimant

Barrett v Ministry of Defence 1995