EARLY REFORMERS & PROTESTANT REFORMATION II

John Wycliffe

Teacher at Oxford, church should sell land and give $ to poor; translated Bible into English; denied transubstantiation

Jon (John) Hus

Teacher/priest in Bohemia: called for higher moral standard for clergy, authority of Scripture, use of vernacular

Council of Constance

Jon Hus traveled here to defend his views; arrested and burned as a heretic

Giralamo Savonarola

Dominican who preached against the Medicis and wealth & corruption in church

Florence

Savonarola set up "Christian Commonwealth" and held "Bonfires of the Vanities here

Alexander VI

ally of the Medici Family; Savonarola claimed he was not a Christian and therefore should be deposed

John Tetzel

Dominican friar and (in)famous seller of indulgences

Start of Protestant Reformation

1517: Luther's 95 Theses

Diet of Worms

Luther refuses to recant and is outlawed

Wartburg Castle

Luther translates the Bible into German

Philip Melanchthon

colleague and friend of Luther, helps to spread Luther's ideas

Gutenberg

Western inventor of the printing press -- a very revolutionary device!

Augsburg Confessions

written by Philip Melanchthon to show common ground ground between Lutherans & Catholics, remains a central text for Lutheranism

Baptism & the Lord's Supper (Eucharist)

2 sacraments accepted by Luther

Sola scriptura

Luther's basic belief in the sole and final authority of the Bible

Sola fides

Luther's basic teaching that salvation cannot be earned but is given through grace which gives us faith.

Peace of Augsburg

1555 Each prince chooses the religion of his region

Institutes of the Christian Religion

John Calvin's theology book

Puritans

Calvinist religious sect: as "the Pilgrims" brought Calvinism to New England

Predestination

Taught by Calvin: God knows and wills each individual's fate.

Geneva, Switzerland

Center of Calvin's intolerant theocracy

John Calvin

rejected Mass & sacraments, held to primacy of Scripture