Science Concepts, Mass, Weight, and Density

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental scientific concepts, the nature of science, and density, mass, and volume calculations.

Formal Sciences

Branches of science that study abstract ideas and logic, such as mathematics and logic.

Factual Sciences

Branches of science that study physical reality and natural phenomena, such as biology and physics.

Science

A body of knowledge that seeks to explain and understand natural phenomena through the scientific method, based on evidence and the search for knowledge.

Empirical Nature of Science

The property of science being grounded in experience, observation, and experimentation to provide testable evidence.

Verifiable and Reproducible Knowledge

The scientific requirement that findings can be verified and duplicated to ensure results are real rather than accidental or erroneous.

Objective Characteristic of Science

The feature of scientific knowledge that relies strictly on factual evidence without personal opinions.

Systematic Characteristic of Science

The feature of science that follows a logical, orderly method.

Explanatory Characteristic of Science

The feature of science that accounts for and explains why natural events occur.

Mass

The quantity of matter contained in an object, measured in units such as grams ($g$) or kilograms ($kg$).

Weight

The gravitational force attracting a body, measured in Newtons ($N$).

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance, defined by the relationship $\rho = \frac{m}{V}$.

Mass Calculation Formula

The procedure $m = \rho \times V$ used to find mass when volume and density are known.

Volume Calculation Formula

The procedure $V = \frac{m}{\rho}$ used to determine volume when mass and density are known.

Density Calculation Example

For a liquid with a mass of $150\,g$ and a volume of $100\,cm^3$, the density is $\rho = \frac{150\,g}{100\,cm^3} = 1.5\,g\,cm^{-3}$.

Aluminum Mass Calculation Example

For $50\,cm^3$ of aluminum ($Al$) with a density of $2.7\,g\,cm^{-3}$, the mass is $m = 2.7\,g\,cm^{-3} \times 50\,cm^3 = 135\,g$ or $0.135\,kg$.

Copper Volume Calculation Example

For a copper ($Cu$) block with a mass of $890\,g$ and a density of $8.9\,g\,cm^{-3}$, the volume is $V = \frac{890\,g}{8.9\,g\,cm^{-3}} = 100\,cm^3$.