12. GERD, Ulcers, Bowel Disorders, Nausea, and GI

What is the brand name for aluminum/magnesium hydroxide?

Maalox, Mylanta

What is the generic name for Maalox?

Aluminum/magnesium hydroxide

What is the generic name for Mylanta?

Aluminum/magnesium hydroxide

What drug class is aluminum/magnesium hydroxide?

Antacid

What is the brand name for sucralfate?

Carafate

What is the generic name for Carafate?

Sucralfate

What drug class is sucralfate?

Mucosal protectant

What is the brand name for famotidine?

Pepcid

What is the generic name for Pepcid?

Famotidine

What drug class is famotidine?

H2 receptor blocker

What is the brand name for dexlansoprazole?

Dexilant

What is the generic name for Dexilant?

Dexlansoprazole

What drug class is dexlansoprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What is the brand name for lansoprazole?

Prevacid

What is the generic name for Prevacid?

Lansoprazole

What drug class is lansoprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What is the brand name for rabeprazole?

AcipHex

What is the generic name for AcipHex?

Rabeprazole

What drug class is rabeprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What is the brand name for esomeprazole?

Nexium

What is the generic name for Nexium?

Esomeprazole

What drug class is esomeprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What is the brand name for omeprazole?

Prilosec

What is the generic name for Prilosec?

Omeprazole

What drug class is omeprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What is the brand name for pantoprazole?

Protonix

What is the generic name for Protonix?

Pantoprazole

What drug class is pantoprazole?

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

What common suffix identifies many proton pump inhibitors?

-prazole

What is the memory key for PPIs and H2 blockers?

PPIs usually end in -PRAZOLE; famotidine is an H2 blocker

When are PPIs generally most effective when taken?

Before meals

Is exact PPI administration timing identical for every product?

No, timing varies by product

What electrolyte abnormality is associated with long-term PPI therapy?

Hypomagnesemia

What infection risk is associated with long-term PPI therapy?

C. difficile infection

What bone-related risk is associated with long-term PPI therapy in susceptible patients?

Increased fracture risk

What can sucralfate do to other medications?

Bind them and interfere with absorption

What can antacids do to other medications?

Bind or interfere with absorption

What administration strategy may be needed with sucralfate or antacids?

Separate them from interacting medications

Which drug matches Maalox/Mylanta?

Aluminum/magnesium hydroxide — antacid

Which drug matches Carafate?

Sucralfate — mucosal protectant

Which drug matches Pepcid?

Famotidine — H2 blocker

Which drug matches Dexilant?

Dexlansoprazole — PPI

Which drug matches Prevacid?

Lansoprazole — PPI

Which drug matches AcipHex?

Rabeprazole — PPI

Which drug matches Nexium?

Esomeprazole — PPI

Which drug matches Prilosec?

Omeprazole — PPI

Which drug matches Protonix?

Pantoprazole — PPI

Which GI drug class usually ends in -prazole?

Proton pump inhibitors

Which medication in this section is an H2 blocker?

Famotidine

Which medication in this section is a mucosal protectant?

Sucralfate

Which medications can interfere with absorption of other drugs by binding them?

Sucralfate and antacids

What is the brand name for loperamide?

Imodium

What is the generic name for Imodium?

Loperamide

What drug class is loperamide?

Antidiarrheal

What is the brand name for simethicone?

Gas-X

What is the generic name for Gas-X?

Simethicone

What drug class is simethicone?

Antiflatulent

What is the brand name for polyethylene glycol plus electrolytes?

GoLYTELY

What is the generic name for GoLYTELY?

Polyethylene glycol plus electrolytes

What drug class is polyethylene glycol plus electrolytes?

Osmotic laxative and bowel preparation

What is GoLYTELY primarily used for?

Bowel preparation

What is the brand name for polyethylene glycol 3350?

MiraLAX

What is the generic name for MiraLAX?

Polyethylene glycol 3350

What drug class is polyethylene glycol 3350?

Osmotic laxative

What is MiraLAX commonly used for?

Everyday constipation

What is the brand name for bisacodyl?

Dulcolax

What is the generic name for Dulcolax?

Bisacodyl

What drug class is bisacodyl?

Stimulant laxative

What is the brand name for lactulose?

Enulose

What is the generic name for Enulose?

Lactulose

What drug class is lactulose?

Osmotic laxative

What additional condition is lactulose used to treat besides constipation?

Hepatic encephalopathy

What does lactulose reduce in hepatic encephalopathy?

Ammonia

What is the brand name for linaclotide?

Linzess

What is the generic name for Linzess?

Linaclotide

What drug class is linaclotide?

Guanylate cyclase-C agonist for IBS/constipation

How should linaclotide be taken?

On an empty stomach

What major adverse effect can linaclotide cause?

Significant diarrhea

What is the brand name for docusate?

Colace

What is the generic name for Colace?

Docusate

What drug class is docusate?

Stool softener

What is the brand name for dicyclomine?

Bentyl

What is the generic name for Bentyl?

Dicyclomine

What drug class is dicyclomine?

Anticholinergic antispasmodic

What is dicyclomine commonly used for?

IBS-related cramping

What common adverse effects are associated with dicyclomine?

Dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, and urinary retention

Why does dicyclomine cause dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, and urinary retention?

Because it has anticholinergic effects

What is the brand name for Lactobacillus species?

Culturelle

What is the generic name for Culturelle?

Lactobacillus species

What drug class is Lactobacillus species?

Probiotic

What is the memory key for antidiarrheals, gas products, laxatives, and IBS drugs?

Know which products are bowel prep versus everyday constipation drugs; dicyclomine is anticholinergic for IBS cramps

Which product is used as a bowel preparation?

Polyethylene glycol plus electrolytes (GoLYTELY)

Which product is commonly used for everyday constipation?

Polyethylene glycol 3350 (MiraLAX)

Which medication is an antidiarrheal?

Loperamide

Which medication is used for gas relief?

Simethicone

Which medication is a stimulant laxative?

Bisacodyl

Which medication is a stool softener?

Docusate

Which medication is an osmotic laxative that also lowers ammonia?

Lactulose

Which medication is an anticholinergic used for IBS cramps?

Dicyclomine

Which medication is a probiotic?

Lactobacillus species