PEDS/NEONATES: Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)/ Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BDP)

a disease primarily of premature infants with a decreased surfactant production resulting in pulmonary hyaline membranes, atelectasis, and decreased lung compliance

respiratory distress syndrome (RDS

0

give two other names for respiratory distress syndrome

-infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)

-hyaline membrane disease (HMD)

name the 2 main etiological causes of RDS

-decreased surfactant

-Prematurity

name 4 clinical manifestations of RDS

-Tachypnea

-Apnea

-Nasal Flaring

-Retractions

what is the radiographical cornerstone of RDS?

ground glass appearance

how do we ventilate RDS patients?

low pressures, high rates

name two pharmacological treatments for RDS

-artificial surfactant

-corticosteroids

chronic lung disease with respiratory failure; Presumably due to oxygen and positive pressure therapies on the immature newborn lung

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)

True or False: Premature babies who were treated for RDS are at higher risk for BDP

True

name 2 etiological causes for BPD

-O2 toxicity

-premature lungs (decreased surfactant)

what is the first sign of BPD?

when premature infants still need O2 therapy by the time they reach their original due dates

why are BPD patients known as "mini COPDers?"

hypercapnia and CO2 retention

where should we maintain BPD patients O2 saturation?

88-92%

we try to keep BPD patients off of mechanical ventilation. What is the preferred therapy device for BPD patients?

High Flow Nasal Cannula