C16T2 - Pass 2 - Chunks

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Last updated 5:16 PM on 9/15/26
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64 Terms

1
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populate the planet

sinh sống/chiếm lĩnh Trái Đất — Example: Microbes have populated the planet for billions of years.

2
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outlive humans

sống lâu hơn con người — Example: Some microorganisms may outlive humans.

3
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invisible to the naked eye

không thể nhìn thấy bằng mắt thường — Example: Most microbes are invisible to the naked eye.

4
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be ubiquitous

hiện diện ở khắp nơi — Example: Microbes are ubiquitous in our environment.

5
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inhabit the soil, air, rocks and water

sinh sống trong đất, không khí, đá và nước — Example: Microbes inhabit the soil, air, rocks and water.

6
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be present within sth

có mặt bên trong cái gì — Example: Microbes are present within every form of life.

7
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at our peril

tự chịu hậu quả/rủi ro — Example: We interfere with nature at our peril.

8
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a colony of microbes

một quần thể vi sinh vật — Example: Every species has its own colony of microbes.

9
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vary between species

khác nhau giữa các loài — Example: Microbial communities vary between species.

10
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vary between individuals

khác nhau giữa các cá thể — Example: Microbes can vary between individuals.

11
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as a single unit

như một đơn vị thống nhất — Example: Some scientists view a species and its microbes as a single unit.

12
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dub sth sth

gọi/đặt tên cái gì là gì — Example: Scientists dubbed the organism a holobiont.

13
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find one's way into sth

xâm nhập/tìm đường vào đâu — Example: Harmful bacteria can find their way into the bloodstream.

14
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be surrounded by sth

được bao quanh bởi cái gì — Example: Humans are surrounded by microbes.

15
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swap sth with sb

trao đổi cái gì với ai — Example: We continually swap microbes with other people.

16
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with lightness and panache

với sự nhẹ nhàng và phong cách — Example: He explains complex science with lightness and panache.

17
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have a knack for doing sth

có năng khiếu làm gì — Example: He has a knack for explaining complex science.

18
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in terms that are easy to understand

bằng những cách diễn đạt dễ hiểu — Example: The book explains science in terms that are easy to understand.

19
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be on a mission to do sth

có mục tiêu làm gì — Example: Yong is on a mission to persuade readers.

20
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lead sb by the hand

dẫn dắt ai một cách nhẹ nhàng — Example: The author leads readers by the hand through complex science.

21
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in a bid to do sth

trong nỗ lực nhằm làm gì — Example: Scientists are working in a bid to prevent infection.

22
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persuade sb to do sth

thuyết phục ai làm gì — Example: The author tries to persuade readers to change their attitude.

23
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give sb the poor image of sth

khiến ai/cái gì mang hình ảnh xấu — Example: Germ theory gave bacteria the poor image they have today.

24
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a plea for sth

lời kêu gọi về điều gì — Example: The book is a plea for microbial tolerance.

25
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a vital role in sth

một vai trò thiết yếu trong — Example: Microbes play a vital role in maintaining our health.

26
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play a role in sth

đóng vai trò trong — Example: Bacteria play a role in digestion.

27
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be viewed as sth

được xem là — Example: Bacteria should not be viewed as enemies.

28
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a symbiotic relationship

một mối quan hệ cộng sinh — Example: Humans have a symbiotic relationship with microbes.

29
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mutually beneficial

có lợi cho cả hai bên — Example: The relationship can be mutually beneficial.

30
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mutually destructive

gây hại cho cả hai bên — Example: Some biological relationships can be mutually destructive.

31
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unravel the ways in which

làm sáng tỏ cách thức mà — Example: Research is unravelling the ways in which bacteria affect humans.

32
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aid digestion

hỗ trợ tiêu hóa — Example: Gut bacteria aid digestion.

33
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regulate the immune system

điều chỉnh hệ miễn dịch — Example: Microbes help regulate the immune system.

34
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eliminate toxins

loại bỏ độc tố — Example: Some bacteria help eliminate toxins.

35
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combat obesity

chống lại bệnh béo phì — Example: Certain microbes may help combat obesity.

36
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an obsession with hygiene

sự ám ảnh với vệ sinh — Example: An obsession with hygiene may reduce microbial diversity.

37
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the overuse of antibiotics

sự lạm dụng thuốc kháng sinh — Example: The overuse of antibiotics can disrupt the microbiome.

38
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a low-fibre diet

chế độ ăn ít chất xơ — Example: An unhealthy, low-fibre diet may affect gut bacteria.

39
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disrupt the bacterial balance

làm rối loạn cân bằng vi khuẩn — Example: Excessive antibiotics can disrupt the bacterial balance.

40
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soaring rates of sth

tỷ lệ cái gì tăng vọt — Example: Researchers are concerned about soaring rates of allergies.

41
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turn accepted norms upside down

đảo ngược những chuẩn mực đã được chấp nhận — Example: New research can turn accepted norms upside down.

42
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excessive use of sth

việc sử dụng quá mức — Example: Excessive use of antibacterial products may be harmful.

43
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keep sth at bay

ngăn không cho cái gì đến gần/hoành hành — Example: Some microbes keep dangerous germs at bay.

44
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a diverse range of sth

một phạm vi đa dạng của cái gì — Example: Children are exposed to a diverse range of bacteria.

45
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protect sb against sth

bảo vệ ai khỏi cái gì — Example: Exposure to bacteria may protect children against allergies.

46
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wipe out entire populations of sth

xóa sổ toàn bộ quần thể — Example: The fungus is wiping out entire populations of frogs.

47
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be halted by sth

bị ngăn chặn bởi cái gì — Example: The disease can be halted by a rare bacterium.

48
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overcome one's distaste for sth

vượt qua sự ghê/không thích cái gì — Example: Readers must overcome their distaste for some investigations.

49
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spread dengue fever

lan truyền sốt xuất huyết — Example: Mosquitoes spread dengue fever.

50
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be loaded with sth

được nạp/được mang theo một lượng lớn cái gì — Example: Mosquitoes are being loaded with a bacterium.

51
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block the disease

ngăn chặn bệnh — Example: Scientists hope to use bacteria to block the disease.

52
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the ability to manipulate sth

khả năng điều khiển/can thiệp vào cái gì — Example: Our ability to manipulate microbes may increase.

53
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fight off infections

chống lại nhiễm trùng — Example: Useful microbes could help fight off infections.

54
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get the best start in life

có khởi đầu tốt nhất trong đời — Example: Babies may get the best start in life through healthy microbial exposure.

55
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antibacterial products

sản phẩm kháng khuẩn — Example: Excessive use of antibacterial products may destroy useful microbes.

56
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desired effect

hiệu quả mong muốn — Example: An antibacterial product may fail to have the desired effect.

57
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come into contact with sth

tiếp xúc với cái gì — Example: Children should come into contact with a range of microbes.

58
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as few … as possible

ít … nhất có thể — Example: We should not try to eliminate as many microbes as possible.

59
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case study

nghiên cứu trường hợp — Example: The book contains several unusual case studies.

60
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have limited appeal

có sức hấp dẫn hạn chế — Example: Some case studies may have limited appeal.

61
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prevent sb from doing sth

ngăn ai làm gì — Example: Some bacteria prevent predators from attacking.

62
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reduce the risk of sth

giảm nguy cơ của cái gì — Example: Useful microbes may reduce the risk of infection.

63
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be put inside sth

được đưa/đặt vào bên trong — Example: Microbes could be put inside hospital walls.

64
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hospital ward

khoa/phòng bệnh viện — Example: Useful microbes could be built into hospital wards.