Bennett Biology - Cellular Respiration

cellular respiration

A series of chemical reactions that breaks down glucose to produce ATP.

cellular respiration equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2---> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

ATP

Main energy source that cells use for most of their work (adenosine triphosphate)

parts of ATP molecule

adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups

glycolysis

Anaerobic breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

mitochondria

The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy.

pyruvate oxidation

Occurs after glycolysis if oxygen is present.

Krebs cycle

Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide.

chemiosmosis

A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.

ATP synthase

Large protein enzyme that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group to produce ATP.

electron transport chain

Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions. Oxygen is the final e- acceptor.

TERM

glycolysis parts

DEFINITION

Location: Cytoplasm

Reactants: Glucose and 2 ATP

Products: 2 Pyruvate, 4 net ATP, 2 NADH

TERM

pyruvate oxidation parts

DEFINITION

Location: Mitochondrial Matrix

Reactants: 2 Pyruvates

Products: 2 CO2, 2 NADH, 2 Acetyl CoA

TERM

Krebs cycle parts

DEFINITION

Location: Mitochondrial Matrix

Reactants: 2 Acetyl CoA

Products: 4 CO2, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2

TERM

electron transport chain parts

DEFINITION

Location: Cristae of mitochondria

Reactants: 10 NADH, 2 FADH, 6 O2

Products: 32 ATP, 6 H2O

TERM

mitochondrial matrix

DEFINITION

Fluid inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion.

TERM

cristae

DEFINITION

Folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria.

TERM

mitochondria - outer membrane

DEFINITION

Forms a barrier with the cytoplasm.

TERM

mitochondria - inner membrane

DEFINITION

Location of the electron transport chain

TERM

mitochondria - intermembrane space

DEFINITION

Space between inner and outer membranes