A&P 2e - Ch 21: Lymphatic and Immune System (Review Questions)

Which of the following cells is phagocytic?

macrophage

Which structure allows lymph from the lower right limb to enter the bloodstream?

thoracic duct

Which of the following cells is important in the innate immune response?

macrophages

Which of the following cells would be most active in early, antiviral immune responses the first time one is exposed to pathogen?

natural killer cell

Which of the lymphoid nodules is most likely to see food antigens first?

tonsils

Which of the following signs is not characteristic of inflammation?

cold

Which of the following is not important in the antiviral innate immune response?

microphages

Enhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of a specific protein is called __.

opsonization

Which of the following leads to the redness of inflammation?

increased blood flow

T cells that secrete cytokines that help antibody responses are called __.

Th2

The taking in of antigen and digesting it for later presentation is called __.

antigen processing

Why is clonal expansion so important?

to increase the numbers of specific cells

The elimination of self-reactive thymocytes is called __.

negative selection.

Which type of T cell is most effective against viruses?

cytotoxic T cells

Removing functionality from a B cell without killing it is called __.

clonal anergy

Which class of antibody crosses the placenta in pregnant people?

IgG

Which class of antibody has no known function other than as an antigen receptor?

IgD

When does class switching occur?

primary response

Which class of antibody is found in mucus?

IgA

Which enzymes in macrophages are important for clearing intracellular bacteria?

lysosomal

What type of chronic lung disease is caused by a Mycobacterium?

tuberculosis

Which type of immune response is most directly effective against bacteria?

complement

What is the reason that you have to be immunized with a new influenza vaccine each year?

mutation

Which type of immune response works in concert with cytotoxic T cells against virally infected cells?

natural killer cells

Which type of hypersensitivity involves soluble antigen-antibody complexes?

type III

What causes the delay in delayed hypersensitivity?

recruitment of immune cells

Which of the following is a critical feature of immediate hypersensitivity?

histamine release

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease of the heart?

rheumatic fever

What drug is used to counteract the effects of anaphylactic shock?

epinephrine

Which of the following terms means “many genes”?

polygeny

Why do we have natural antibodies?

immunity to environmental bacteria

Which type of cancer is associated with HIV disease?

Kaposi’s sarcoma

How does cyclosporine A work?

suppresses T cells

What disease is associated with bone marrow transplants?

graft-versus-host disease