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Radioactive decay
the naturally occurring, spontaneous change of an unstable isotope to a more stable one by emitting particles or energy or both.
X ray
used for medical imagery, transportation security, and nondestructive inspection.
Geiger counter
a device designed to measure ionizing radiation.
Dosimeter
a device used to measure exposure to radiation.
Fusion
a nuclear reaction in which small nuclei combine to form a more massive nucleus.
Nuclear change
any change that alters the composition of the nucleus in an atom.
Radiotracer
a radioactive isotope used in nuclear medicine to study how an isotope moves through or collects in a certain way.
Strong force
an attractive force that holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus.
Half life
the time in which half the atoms of a radioactive sample will probably decay.
Critical mass
the smallest mass of fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction.
Artificial transmutation
a manmade artificial change.
nuclear change
any change that alters the composition of the nucleus in an atom
x-ray
used for medical imagery, transportation security, and nondestructive inspection
radioactive decay
the naturally occurring, spontaneous change of an unstable isotope to a more stable one by emitting particles or energy or both
strong force
an attractive force that holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus
alpha decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of an alpha particle
beta decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of a beta particle
gamma decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of gamma rays
half-life
the time in which half the atoms of a radioactive sample will probably decay
artificial transmutation
a manmade artificial change
fission
a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus splits into smaller nuclei
chain reaction
a self-sustaining nuclear fission process in which neutrons produced in one fission reaction trigger more fission events
critical mass
the smallest mass of fissionable material that can sustain a chain reaction
fusion
a nuclear reaction in which small nuclei combine to form a more massive nucleus
radiotracer
a radioactive isotope used in nuclear medicine to study how an isotope moves through or collects in a certain way
ionizing radiation
radiation that is energetic enough to knock electrons out of atoms or molecules; most damaging to living organisms
somatic damage
any damage to cells that are not involved in reproduction, thus harming the organism but not any future offspring
genetic damage
any damage done to DNA in cells that can affect growth and reproduction of the cells; can be passed to offspring if it occurs in reproductive cells
Geiger counter
a device designed to measure ionizing radiation
dosimeter
a device used to measure exposure to radiation
alpha decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of an alpha particle
beta decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of a beta particle
gamma decay
a nuclear decay that results in the emission of gamma rays
fission
a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus splits into smaller nuclei
chain reaction
a self-sustaining nuclear fission process in which neutrons produced in one fission reaction trigger more fission events
ionizing radiation
radiation that is energetic enough to knock electrons out of atoms or molecules; most damaging to living organisms
somatic damage
any damage to cells that are not involved in reproduction, thus harming the organism but not any future offspring
genetic damage
any damage done to DNA in cells that can affect growth and reproduction of the cells; can be passed to offspring if it occurs in reproductive cells
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