HOSA Integumentary Conditions

Arterial Insufficiency

Deficiency or occlusion of blood flow through an artery

Chronic inflammation

Low-grade, protracted inflammatory process

Collagen

Supportive, strong, and fibrous connective tissue protein that is found in the dermis, tendon, cartilage, fascia, ligament, and bone

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin indicated by any one or all of the following: redness, rash, itching, irritation, and possible skin lesions

Epidermis

Outermost layer of skin

Ground substance

Supportive amorphous, gel-like substance secreted by fibroblasts; fills space between connective tissue fibers and cells

Hypertrophic scar

Excess of collagen deposited at the site of a healing or healed wound that is noticeably different from the normal skin; scar remains within the boundaries of the original wound

Inflammatory phase

Phase of wound healing encompassing vascular reactions that decrease blood loss and initiate vessel repair, and cellular responses that moderate blood loss, fight infection, and provide nutrition and oxygen to initiate and sustain tissue repair

Inflammatory skin diseases

Diseases of the skin whose etiologies invoke an inflammatory response (etiologies for these diseases commonly include immune reactions and contract irritants or allergens)

Integument

Skin

Keloid scar

Excess of collagen deposited at the site of a healing or healed wound that is noticeably different from normal skin: scar commonly extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound

Maturation phase

Phase of wound healing that includes collagen synthesis and lysis, as well as reorientation of the collagen fibers that remain at the wound site; this phase may also be referred to as the remodeling phase.

Neoplastic skin diseases

Cancers affecting the skin

Neuropathic (neurotropic) ulcer

Skin lesion caused by a decreased cutaneous sensation that disallows protective responses such as weight transfer; these ulcers are commonly associated with diabetes mellitus

Pressure ulcer

skin lesion caused by ischemia of the integument secondary to pressure; generally located at bony prominences

Proliferative phase

phase of wound healing that involves increased activity of fibroblasts, instigation of aggressive wound contraction, and epithelialization

Scar contraction

Dynamic movement of the edges of a scar (wound boundaries) toward each other

Scar contracture

Permanent or relatively permanent lack of mobility of the scar tissue that results in functional and/or cosmetic impairment

Total body surface area (TBSA)

Represents the extent of the surface of the body covered by skin. Th e percent TBSA used to describe the size of a skin injury (routinely used to estimate the size of a burn injury)

Vancouver Burn Scar Scale

Clinical method for assessing scar tissue. The characteristics of scar that are examined include pigmentation, vascularity, pliability, and height.

Venous insufficiency

Deficiency or occlusion of blood flow through a vein