CHAPTER 11 Childhood & Neurodevelopmental Disorders

The mother of a 3-year-old boy just diagnosed with autism spectrum is tearful and states, "The doctor said we need to start therapy right away. I just don't understand how helpful it will be—he's only 3 years old!" What response should the nurse provide to the mother's statement?

"If you have questions, its best to ask the doctor."

"Starting him on treatment now gives your child a much greater chance for a productive life."

"You are right, 3 years old is very young to start therapy, but it will make you feel better to be doing something."

"If your child starts therapy now, he will be able to stop therapy sooner."

"Starting him on treatment now gives your child a much greater chance for a productive life."

What are the foundational concerns regarding the use of restraint and seclusion when providing care to children? (Select all that apply.)

Select all that apply.

Parents may initiate a lawsuit if injury occurs.

Staff tends to be undertrained in use of restraints in children.

Staff have conflicted feelings leading to ineffectiveness.

The principle of least restrictive intervention is a primary concern.

Research suggests both are psychologically and physically harmful.

The principle of least restrictive intervention is a primary concern.

Research suggests both are psychologically and physically harmful.

A 12-year-old male patient diagnosed with Tourette's disorder is visiting his healthcare provider. The nurse will prepare medication teaching on which class of medication to help manage the tics associated with this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Select all that apply.

First-generation antipsychotics

Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists

Second-generation antipsychotics

Anticholinesterase inhibitors

Mood stabilizers

First-generation antipsychotics

Alpha 2-adrenergic agonists

Second-generation antipsychotics

A 9-year-old patient has been diagnosed with an intellectual development disorder (IDD). Which assessment findings support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)

Select all that apply.

Is capable of providing effective oral self-care

Enjoy interacting with developmentally similar peers

Physically lashes out when frustrated

Reads below age level

Unable to explain the phrase, "Raining cats and dogs"

Physically lashes out when frustrated

Reads below age level

Unable to explain the phrase, "Raining cats and dogs"

An 8-year-old patient is newly diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is important that the parents be educated to the fact that symptoms will take which form? (Select all that apply).

Select all that apply.

Mood swings

Poor school performance

Impulsive behaviors

Easily intimidated

Low frustration tolerance

Mood swings

Poor school performance

Impulsive behaviors

Low frustration tolerance

Which factor can reduce the vulnerability of a child to etiological influences predisposing to the development of psychopathology?

Child abuse

Malnutrition

Resilience

Having a depressed parent

Resilience

When a nurse assesses the style of behavior a child habitually uses to cope with the demands and expectations of the environment, he or she is assessing characteristic?

Cultural assimilation

Resilience

Vulnerability

Temperament

Temperament

A child diagnosed with autism will demonstrate impaired development in which area?

playing with other children

swallowing and chewing

Adhering to routines

eye-hand coordination

playing with other children

A 5-year-old who consistently omits the sound for 'r' and 's' when speaking is demonstrating which type of disorder?

Speech

Specific learning

Social communication

Language

Speech

Which nursing diagnosis should be considered for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD?

defensive coping

impaired verbal communication

Anxiety

risk for injury

risk for injury

When a child demonstrates a temperament that prompts the mother to say, "She is just so different from me; I just can't seem to connect with her." The nurse should plan to provide which intervention?

Educate the father regarding signs that the child is being physically abused.

Encourage the mother to consider attending parenting classes.

Counsel the mother regarding ways to better bond with her child.

Suggest that the child's father become her primary caregiver.

Counsel the mother regarding ways to better bond with her child.

Which social behavior is often a result of a child having been exposed to some form of abuse?

Speech disorders

Bullying others

Eating disorders

Delayed motor skills

Bullying others

A 7-year-old, who is described as impulsive and hyperactive, tells the nurse, "I am a dummy, because I don't pay attention, and I can't read like the other kids." The nurse notes that these behaviors are most consistent with which diagnosis?

Attention deficit disorder

Conduct disorder

Autism

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Which behavior is most indicative of a 4-year-old child diagnosed with Tourette's syndrome?

Humming while performing activities that require concentration

Difficulty in social relationships

Difficulty in completing tasks on time

Frequent eye blinking

Frequent eye blinking

A child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is reprimanded for taking the nurse's pen without asking first. He responds by shouting, "You don't like me! You won't let me have anything, even a pen!" The nurse is most therapeutic when responding with which statement?

"I do like you, but I don't like it when you grab my pen."

"You must ask for permission before taking someone else's things."

"Liking you has nothing to do with whether I will loan you my pen."

"It sounds as though you are feeling helpless and insecure."

"I do like you, but I don't like it when you grab my pen."

This reply shows positive regard for the child while describing the behavior as undesirable. Feedback such as this helps the child feel accepted while making her aware of the effect her behavior has o

A 10-year-old who is frequently disruptive in the classroom begins to fidget in her chair and then moves on to disruptive behavior. What is the most appropriate initial technique for managing this sort of disruptive behavior?

Therapeutic holding

Quiet room

Seclusion

Touch control

Touch control

The family of a child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), inattentive type, is told the evaluation of their child's care will focus on symptom patterns and severity. What is the focus of child's evaluation? (Select all that apply.)

Select all that apply.

Physical growth

Activities of daily living

Personal perception

Academic performance

Social relationships

Activities of daily living

Personal perception

Academic performance

Social relationships