AP Euro Scientific Revolution Terms

geocentric theory

earth is the center of the universe and is surrounded by the celestial sphere, with stars attached; the sphere rotated around earth westward every 24 hours

Heliocentrism

sun is at the center of the universe; the farther a planet was from the sun, the longer it took to revolve around it

On Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543)

Copernicus’ theories provoked others to rethink views of the universe

The New Astronomy (1609)

first astronomical model to portray motion, planets’ paths are elliptical, not circular, heliocentric universe

Starry Messenger (1610)

Copernican/heliocentric view of the universe; the universe is subject to mathematical laws

Dialogue on the 2 Chief World Systems (1632)

A dumb character favors the geocentric model and a smart character favors the heliocentric model

empricism

one must observe phenomena before attempting to explain them

Law of Gravity

planets and physical objects in the universe move through mutual attraction

Scientific method

investigation and evidence lead to truth; observe, question, hypothesis, test, analysis

rational deduction

the process of using logical reasoning to draw a valid conclusion based on established truths

two categories of existing things

thinking things and things that occupy space

2 blood system physiology

one controlled muscular activities and the other governed the digestive functions

Doctrine of Four Bodily humors

blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile; disease resulted from an imbalance in the humors

chemical philosophy

like cures like; the poison that caused a disease could cure it; traditional folk remedies

On the Fabric of the Human Body (1543)

accurate illustrations of human anatomy based on dissected cadavers

On the Motion of Heart and Blood (1628)

explained blood circulation based on observation and experiments