Statistics

Data

Collections of observations, such as measurements, genders, or survey responses

Statistics

science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions.

population

the complete collection of all individuals or items under consideration in a statistical study

census

collection of data from ever member of the population

individual

a person or object that is a memeber of the population being studied

sample

a subset of the population, the part of the population to be studied

parameter

a numerical summary of a population

statistic

a numerical summary of a sample

descriptive statistics

consists of organizing and summarizing data, through numerical, tables, and graphs

inferential statistics

using methods that take a result from a sample, extending it to the population and measuribng the reliability of the result

variable

characteristic that varies from one person or thing to another

qualitative

classifications of individuals based on some attribute or characteritic

quantitive

numerical measurements of individual, value of variable can be added or subtracted and provide meaningful results.

data

the list of observed values for a variable

qualitive data

obersvations corresponding to a qualitive variable

quantitve data

observations corresponding to quantitaive variable

caution

qualitive data is soemtimes coded with numbers r4eplacing names

discrete variable

a quantative variable that has either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values

continuous variable

a quantitative variable that has infinite number of possible values that are not countable