Management Information MODULE 3

Recent trends in software and service distribution include:

____ and _____ technologies

pull and push

Recent trends in software and service distribution include:

A____ s____ p_____

Application service providers

Pull Technology

User states a need before getting _____

information

User states a need before getting information

Pull Technology

Pull Technology

Entering a U__ in a W___ b___ to go to a certain W___ s___

URL, Web browser, Web site

Push Technology (______)

Webcasting

Push Technology

W___ s____ delivers information to users who have signed up for this service

Web server

Web server delivers information to users who have signed up for this service

Push technology

Push Technology

Supported by many W____ b_____

Web browsers

Push Technology

Also available from v_____

vendors

Push Technologies

Delivers c_____ to users automatically at set intervals or when a new event occurs

content

three example of push services

synchronous conferencing, email, instant messaging

Application Service Providers (ASPs)

Provides access to s____ or s_____ for a f__

software, services, fee

Software as a service (Saas), or on-d___ s____

on-demand software

Model for ASPs to deliver s____ to users for a fee

software

Software as a service (SaaS)

Software might be for t_____ or long-term use

temporary

Software as a service (SaaS)

Users don’t need to be concerned with new
s____ v____ and c_____ p_____

software version and compatibility problems

Application Service Providers

Users can also save all a_____ d___ on the APS’s server

application data

Software and data are p____

portable

The SaaS model can take several
forms:
• S_____ s____ for general use

Software services

The SaaS model can take several
forms:'

• Offering a s____ s____

specific service

The SaaS model can take several
forms:

• Offering a service in a v____ m____

vertical market

A ______ is a market in which vendors offer goods and services specific to an industry, trade, profession, or other group of customers with specialized needs.

vertical market

A vertical market is a market in which vendors offer goods and services specific to an i___, t___, p____, or other group of c_____ with s_____ needs.

industry, trade, profession, customers, specialized

A vertical market is a market in which v____ offer g___ and s_____ specific to an industry, trade, profession, or other group of customers with specialized needs.

vendors, goods, services

Application Service Providers

Advantages:

Similar to o_____

outsourcing

Application Service Providers

Advantages:

L__ e____

Less expensive

Application Service Providers

Advantages:

Delivering i_____ more quickly

information

Application Service Providers

Disadvantages:

inability to customize software applications (except for the largest clients
• If there is a changes in ASP may adversely change the service provided to a business’s clients
• business may have difficulty integrating ASP software with non-ASP software
• control over corporate data and the corporate image may compromise corporate control and security.

true or false

true

Application Service Providers

Examples: G___, N____, Inc., and S____.com

Google, NetSuite, Inc., and Salesforce.com

Virtual Reality

Goal of Virtual Reality (VR)

Create an environment in which users can i____ and p____ as they do in the real world

interact and participate

VR Technology

Uses c_____-g_____, t____-d______ images to create the illusion of interaction in a real-world environment

computer-generated, three-dimensional

VR Terms:

Giving objects in a VR environment texture and shading for a 3- D appearance.

Simulation

VR Terms:

Enabling users to act on objects in a VR environment, as by using a data glove to pick up and move objects.

Interaction

VR Terms:

Giving users the feeling of being part of an environment by using special hardware and software ( such as a CAVE, discussed later in this section). The real world surrounding the VR environment is blocked out so that users can focus their attention on the virtual environment.

Immersion

VR Terms:

Giving users the sense that they’re in another location ( even one geographically far
away) and can manipulate objects as though they’re actually in that location. T_____ systems use a variety of sophisticated hardware,
discussed in “ Components of a Virtual Reality System.”

Telepresence

VR Terms:

Allowing users to move around freely by combining interactive
environments with cameras, monitors, and other devices.

Full-body immersion

VR Terms:

Allowing users in different locations to interact and manipulate the same world at the same time by connecting two or more virtual worlds.

Networked communication

Types of Virtual Environments

Egocentric Environment and Exocentric Environment

Egocentric environment

User is totally i____ in the VR world

immersed

Egocentric environment

Most common technology used with this environment is a h___-m___ d____ (HMD)

head-mounted display (HDM)

Exocentric Environment

Data is still r____ in 3-D

rendered

Exocentric Environment

Users can only view it o____

onscreen

Exocentric environment

M____ t_____ used in this environment is 3-D graphics

Main technology

What is the meaning of CAVE?

Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE)

Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE)

Virtual Environment consisting of a c__-s____ room in which the walls are r___-p____ screens

cube-shaped, rear-projection

CAVEs

H_____ devices that c___, c____, and d_____ images in true 3-D form

Holographic, create, capture, display

People can enter CAVEs in other locations

No matter how far away they are g______

geographically

CAVE

High-speed digital cameras capture one user’s p____ and m_____

presence and movements

CAVE

H___-s___ d___ c____ capture one user’s presence and movements. Then, re-create and send these images to users in other CAVEs

High-speed digital camera

CAVE

Used for research in many fields:

A_____, a_____, e_____, g_____, and p_____

Archaeology, architecture, engineering, geology, and physics

Virtual Reality Applications

M____ f_____ s_____

Military flight simulations

Virtual Reality Applications

Medicine for “b_____” s_____

bloodless surgery

Virtual Reality Applications

E_____ i_____

Entertainment industry

Virtual Reality Applications

Will one day be used for u___ i____ in i_____ s_____

user interfaces in information systems

Virtual Reality Applications

Current Applications:

Applications for the d____

Applications for the disabled

Virtual Reality Applications

Current Applications:

A_____ design

Architectural

Virtual Reality Applications

E_____

F____ s_____

V________

G_____ s______ s_____

Education

Flight simulation

Videoconferencing

Group support systems

Obstacles in Using VR Systems

Not enough f____-o____ cables are currently available for a VR environment capable of recreating a conference

fibre-optic

Obstacles in Using VR Systems

Problems must be solved:

Confusion between the V_ e____ and the r_____ e______

VR environment, real environment

Obstacles in Using VR Systems

Problems must be solved:

M_____ and other problems with HDMs

Mobility

Obstacles in Using VR Systems

Problems must be solved:

S_____ r______

Sound representation

Obstacles in Using VR Systems

Problems must be solved:

Additional c_____ p_____

computing power

Virtual Worlds

Simulated environment designed for users to interact via a____

avatars

Avatar

2-D or 3-D graphical representation of a p____ in the virtual world

person

Avatar

Used in c____ r___ and o___ g____

chat rooms, online games

G_____ G____ predicted that 80% of active internet users will interact in virtual worlds by 2011

Gartner Group

Virtual Worlds

With avatars, users can:

M____ o_____

Manipulate objects

Virtual Worlds

With avatars, users can:

Experience a limited t______

telepresence

Virtual Worlds

With avatars, users can:

Communicate using t___, g____ i____, and s_____

text, graphical icons, and sound

Common IT Applications in Hospitality

Front-office applications: reservation system, check-in/check-out, room status and housekeeping, in-house guest information, and g____ a_____

guest accounting

Common IT Applications in Hospitality

Back-office applications: personnel, purchasing, accounting, inventory, sales, and catering and financial reports and s_____

statistics

Guest-related interface applications: call-accounting, electronic locking, energy management, guest-operated devices and a_____ g_____ s_____

auxiliary guest services

Resturant and banquet management systems: menu management, recipe management, sales analysis and forecasting, menu-item pricing and c___ c____

cost control

Handles the core functions of information processing for an accommodation property and is the hub for all interconnectivity with other systems in the hotel

Property Management System (PMS)

Property Management System

Major functions:

r_____ m_______

reservations management

Property Management System

Major functions:

guest f___ and b_____

folio and billing

Property Management System

Major functions:

rooms m______

management

Property Management System

Major functions:

b___-o_____ applications

back-office

Property Management System

Major functions:

s______ f______

specialized functions

Generate direct sales and provide greater control over inventory than other electronic booking channels and avoids commissions.

Hotel Websites

True or False

Features of successful hotel websites:
• interactive and easily navigable
• quality information
• online booking capability
• price comparison features
• maps
• multiple language support
• links to local points of interest

True

Electronic Hotel Reservations

O___ t_____ a_____ (OTAs)

Online travel agents

Metasearch engines

Specialized a______ search engines

accomodations

Metasearch engines

T___A____

TripAdvisor

Metasearch engines

Google H___ S____

Google Hotel Search

Electronic Hotel Reservations

C_____ M_____

Channel Managers

Electronic Hotel Reservations

M____ a___

Mobile apps

Guest Applications

Customer Relationship M_____

Customer Relationship Management

Guest Applications

Guest H___ S_____

Guest History System

Guest Applications

Guest room amenities

E____ l_____ s______ (ELS)

Electronic locking system

Guest room amenities

Guest i_____ and e_____ devices

information and entertainment

Guest room amenities

Guest services t_____

Guest services technology

Hotel communications

P_____ b_____ e_____ (PBX): controls the connections of hotel telephone calls to the outside world for guests and employees

Private branch exchanges (PBX)

Private branch exchanges (PBX): controls the connections of hotel t____ c____ to the outside world for guests and employees

telephone calls

C____ a_____ s_____ (CAS): allows the hotel to route and track calls without using the local telephone company.

Call accounting systems (CAS)

Call accounting systems (CAS): allows the hotel to r____ and t____ calls without using the local telephone company.

route and track

Energy Management Systems

monitor, control and o____ energy consumption in a hotel

optimize

True or False

Energy Management Systems

can link to ELS to determine whether a room is occupied, can automatically adjust air conditioning, lighting, heating, infrared body scanners, electronic bedside control panels, and mobile apps.

True

www.booking.com, www.webrezpro.com, www.pegs.com, etc are Useful websites

true