Thẻ ghi nhớ: SWD392 - Final Exam | Quizlet

There are two categories of data-centered architecture

A. Batch sequential and Repository

B. Pipe-filter and Batch sequential

C. Repository and Blackboard

D. Blackboard and Pipe-filter

C

Sam realized that her DeliveryDriver class had some behaviour and attributes that could be shared by other classes, like BusDriver and TaxiDriver, so she made a class called Driver that these classes inherited behaviour from. Which object-oriented design principle did she use?

A. abstraction

B. encapsulation

C. decomposition

D. generalization

D

Which of these UML diagrams might be useful for the logical view of a system?

A. Class diagram and Sequence diagram

B. Sequence diagram and Deployment diagram

C. State diagram and Class diagram

D. Deployment diagram and State diagram

C

There is a common technique that used in event architectures to indicate whether or not a particular resource is being accessed by another process at that moment. What is it called?

A. semaphore

B. access switch

C. toggle

D. occupied

B

What is NOT the essential parts of an HTTP request?

A. A blank space

B. A message body

C. Headers

D. Request-line

A

Which of the following attributes can be improved by installing firewalls, establishing authentication and authorization processes, and using encryption?

A. availability

B. usability

C. performance

D. security

D

Which of the following quality attribute pairs is tradeoff?

A. Scalability and Performance

B. Reliability and Availibility

C. Availability and Interoperability

D. Reusability and Interoperability

A

What is the name for a physical result of the development process, such as an executable file?

A. node

B. leaf

C. package

D. artifact

D

What might NOT contain in architecture style?

A. Rules that how to structure the system

B. How to design user interface

C. Constraints that how to structure the system

D. Patterns that that how to structure the system

B

Which connector type allows one of its incident elements to send a request (method call or message) to another and wait for a response (method return value or message)

A. Unblocking

B. Blocking

C. Two-initiator

D. One-initiator

B

Which of these is not desirable characteristic of a web service?

A. composable

B. platform-independent

C. modular

D. simple

B

Which of these quality attributes is most important from the developer's perspective?

A. usability

B. availability

C. flexibility

D. security

C

What are the main software elements at software development time?

A. Source code modules or files

B. Binary versions of the project modules and files

C. Processes and threads

D. All of the others

A

Consider statements about MVC:

1. It is expensive to change data model in case of multiple pairs of controllers and views based on the same data model.

2. The division between the View and the Controller is not clear in some cases.

A. 1 and 2 are false

B. 1 and 2 are true

C. 1 is true, 2 is false

D. 1 is false, 2 is true

B

What are some advantages of object-oriented programing in a language like Java?

A. computing efficiency, abstract data types and data management

B. mimic the real-world structure of the problem, computing efficiency and data management

C. mimic the real-world structure of the problem, abstract data types and data management

D. mimic the real-world structure of the problem, abstract data types and computing efficiency

C

"Maintenance Downtime" is an attribute refinement of what quality attribute?

A. Conceptual Integrity

B. Performance

C. Maintainability

D. Availability

C

Which attribute quality is NOT from a user's perspective?

A. Availability

B. Interoperability

C. Flexibility

D. Performance

C

The "+1" in Kruchten's 4+1 View Model refers to a scenario. What is a scenario?

A. an unexpected use case of the software

B. one of the tools that is used to implement the software

C. a representation of a normal use case

D. a representation of the system-wide state

C

There are three different relationships that objects can have. Which of these best describes the relationship between a Chair and its Legs?

A. association

B. generalization

C. composition

D. aggregation

C

The process of establishing a connection between the client stub and server stub is called..

A. interfacing

B. marshaling

C. handshaking

D. binding

B

Select the object pairing that has an association relationship:

A. Book - Page

B. Tree - Root

C. Hiker - Trail

D. Car - Door

C

Which of these terms are used to describe coupling?

A. degree, ease, exposed

B. frequency, degree, ease

C. ease, degree, flexibility

D. flexibility, frequency, exposed

C

Marlon is creating a web page. It's a simple page, Which has a list of his current project, a short bio about himself, and some GIF images of some projects that he uploaded to the sever himself. What type of web page is this?

A. static web page

B. dynamic web page

C. web app

D. web service

B

Which of the following attributes relates to the output accuracy, the ability to recover from failure?

A. maintainability

B. performance

C. availability

D. reliability

D

Read the following statements. Which of them are true?

1. Project managers are stakeholders in the architecture

2. End users are stakeholders in the architecture

A. Only the second statement is true

B. Only the first statement is true

C. Neither statement is true

D. Both statements are true

D

Which of these is a drawback of n-Tier architecture?

A. Every tier demands extra resources to manage the client/server relationships

B. n-Tier architecture is not scalable

C. Only asynchronous messaging is possible, leading to challenging development decisions

D. More hardware nodes are necessary

B

Which of diagram is used for descript procedural detail?

A. ER diagram

B. class diagram

C. box diagram

D. decision table

C

Which of the following files are binary software component modules?

A. Resource files

B. Descriptor files

C. Files in form of DLLs [dynamic linking libraries], JavaBeans, and Enterprise JavaBeans

D. Executable files

C

Which of these is advantage of main program and subroutine architectural style?

1. Efficient for computation focused problems

2. Easily mapped to all kinds of real-world problem spaces

3. Abstract data types are easy to define and extend

4. Promotes function modularity and reuse

A. 2 and 3

B. 3 and 4

C. 1 and 2

D. 1 and 4

B

An object which is responsible for showing data to the user could be considered which category of object?

A. Boundary

B. Entity

C. Control

D. Representation

A

Which of these is NOT shown on an activity diagram?

A. activities

B. interfaces

C. concurrency

D. decisions

A

At software development time, which of the following attributes may connectors exhibit?

A. Universally invocable

B. Direction

C. Distance and connection media

D. Multiplicity

B

Select the one accurate statement about layered architecture:

A. Enforcing communication only between adjacent layers and within a layer is key to good, layered architecture

B. Upper layers act as service providers to lower layers

C. Layered architecture is often based on layers of abstraction

D. Pass-through should be avoided at all costs.

A

Which of the following is one of the benefits of asynchronous architecture?

A. Multiple independent agents

B. Flexible GUI interfaces

C. Multiple views

D. Loose coupling of modules

D

Another web page allows interacting with a spreadsheet is a browser. You can enter in values, sum them up, perform operations on them, format them, etc. What type of web page in this?

A. dynamic web page

B. web service

C. web app

D. static web page

C

What are the advantages of Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)?

1. Method calls can be treated locally or remotely

2. It allows for object-oriented paradigms in distributed computing

A. Only 1

B. Only 2

C. Neither 1 nor 2

D. Either 1 or 2

B

Which of following statements concern with Software architecture design guidelines is FALSE?

A. Make all implementation decisions depend on the concrete interfaces instead of abstract ones because those are more stable

B. Design always starts with abstraction

C. Balance the quality attributes, and consider heterogeneous architecture styles when necessary

D. It is not possible to find a design that meets all quality attributes

A

Which of these formats can NOT be used to express and structure content to be sent over the internet?

A. XML

B. CSS

C. HTML

D. JSON

B

For showing scenarios, which one of the following OOAD artifacts is the MOST useful?

A. Use Cases

B. State Diagrams

C. Activity Diagrams

D. Class Diagrams

E. Interaction Diagrams

A

Which architecture supports fault tolerance and system reliability?

A. Layered architecture

B. Main/ subroutine

C. Virtual machine

D. Master/ slave

D

What does the component of 'component diagram' refer to?

A. a general name for a "part" of the software system. It could be a method, variable, class, object, or grouping of any of these

B. the basic parts of the software, which it could not run without a library

C. an external part of the software system, like a library that must be imported

D. an independent, encapsulated unit in the system

D

Which of these is often used to add dynamic content to a web page?

A. HTML

B. JavaScript

C. HTML DOM

D. CSS

B

Systems that optimize ease of use and those that are designed to be Reusable and Interoperable with other software or hardware components often incur a ............ penalty

A. Performance

B. None of others

C. Security

D. Reliability

A

On which of the following attributes does Portability has a positive effect?

A. Reusability

B. All of the others

C. Interoperability

D. Verifiability

B

Sam identified the important attributes and behaviours of a delivery driver and put them all into a DeliveryDriver class, like "takeOrder", "deliverOrder", and "DeliveryArea." She exposed some of these to other classes. She just demonstrated an important part of object-oriented design. Which of these concepts best describes what you did?

A. generalization

B. abstraction

C. encapsulation

D. decomposition

C

What is the correct term for a machine that hosts a server?

A. server-host

B. server-machine

C. Called by type: e.g. print server or media server

D. server-tier

B

Which architecture is suitable for producer/consumer model?

A. Main/ subroutine

B. Process Control

C. Pipe and filter

D. Batch sequential

C

On which attribute does increasing of Reliability has a negative effect?

A. Scalability

B. Performance

C. Usability

D. Availability

D

Which of these is NOT an advantage of event-based architecture?

A. The event source cannot determine

B. Reliability may be an issue

C. Difficult to maintain system

D. Difficult to test and debug the system

A

Beverly is asked to develop a system to measure the height of liquid in a tank, and when the tank is almost full, a pump turns on to empty the tank. Which type of architecture will she use?

A. Process control

B. Message-based

C. Master/ slave

D. Pipe and filter

A

What is the term for the action that converts the parameters into a standardized message on the client side?

A. invocation

B. blocking

C. binding

D. marshaling

D

Asynchronous message invocation can be expressed in the following diagram

A. sequence

B. state

C. object

D. class

A

General quality attributes like performance and security have more specific components like throughput and latency for performance. What are these called?

A. attribute refinement

B. architecture specifications

C. architecture significant requirements

D. sensitivity points

D

Which quality attribute includes communication protocols, data formats, and with whom the system can exchange information?

A. Modifiability

B. Flexibility

C. Interoperability

D. Security

C

A connector with .......... attribute set to true allows any external software system, no matter what hardware/ software platforms they run on and in which programming languages or software frameworks they are developed

A. Universally invocable

B. Multiplicity

C. Self-descriptive

D. Distance and connection media

A

Which of the following statements is (are) advantage of Pipe and filter?

1. This architecture can be used for interactive applications

2. Filters are loosely coupled

A. Both statements are true

B. Only the first statement is true

C. Only the second statement is true

D. Neither statement is true

A

In which method evaluations do not need to be familiar with the architecture or the problem space?

A. ARID

B. SAAM

C. ALL

D. ATAM

D

Which is the most desirable?

A. low cohesion, loose coupling

B. high cohesion, loose coupling

C. high cohesion, tight coupling

D. low cohesion, tight coupling

B

You need to show how your software elements are mapped to hardware nodes and execution environments. Which view do you need?

a. physical view

b. development view

c. process view

d. scenario

A

The feature in object-oriented programming that allows the same operation to be carried out differently, depending on the calling object, is:

A. Inheritance

B. Polymorphism

C. Encapsulation

D. Abstraction

B

Which of the following are considered as Business attributes?

A. Cost: This refers to expense of building, maintaining, and operating the system

B. Lifetime: This refers to the period of time that the product is "alive" before retirement

C. All of others

D. Time to market: This refers to the time it takes from requirement analysis to the date product is released

E. None of others

E

Which definition best describes an object?

A. Instance of itself

B. Child of a class

C. Instance of a class

D. Overview of a class

C

What is NOT a good software design?

A. Leads to software products have higher quality attributes

B. Reduces bugs in software production

C. Coordinates development teams to work together orderly

D. Makes the system traceable for implementation and testing

B

What are NOT the tasks of Software architect?

A. Map the software requirements specification to the software architecture

B. Consider and evaluate alternative architecture styles for the problem at hand.

C. Guarantee that the software architecture satisfies functional and non-functional requirements.

D. Establish good communication between stakeholders

D

The static and runtime structures are based on the same element types.

A. True

B. False

B

Fill in the blank: Objects send and receive ......... to invoke methods

A. output

B. delay

C. error

D. messages

D

Which of followings refers to the level of independence of the system on software and hardware platforms?

A. Portability

B. Extensibility

C. Interoperability

D. Maintainability

A

Which is correct about class?

A. The behavior is expressed by the functions of the object

B. An object is an instance of a class

C. A class is an abstract description of a set of objects having similar properties, common behavior, common relationship with other objects

D. Object is the concept describing an entity in the real world

C

Concurrency is described in

A. Activity diagram

B. Sequence diagram

C. Communication diagram

D. Package diagram

A

There are two aspects of software requirements: functional and non-functional. A functional requirement specifies the qualities, constraints, and system behaviors

A. True

B. False

B

Which of the followings are not the key components of an architecture style?

A. Constraints that define how elements can be integrated to form the system

B. None of the others

C. Connectors that enable communication, coordination, and cooperation among elements

D. Elements that perform functions required by a system

E. All of the others

F. Attributes that describe the advantages and disadvantages of the chosen structure

B

Composition relationship is represented by hollow diamond arrow

A. True

B. False

B

In an interaction diagram, boxes on top of the diagram can represent classes, objects, and actors. Which of the following is true?

A. "Customer:Joe" represents an object named "Joe" whose class is "Customer"

B. when there is a ":" preceding a name, it represents an class

C. "Customer:" represents an object named "Customer"

D. ":Customer" represents a class named "Customer"

A

Asynchronous message invocation can be expressed in sequence diagrams

A. State diagram

B. Class diagram

C. Object diagram

D. Sequence diagram

D

Which of the following attributes are considered as business attribute?

A. Security: This refers to the ability to cope with malicious attacks from outside or inside of the system. Security can be improved by installing firewalls and establishing authentication and authorization processes, and using encryption

B. None of others

C. Availability: This refers to the ability of a system to be available 24x7. Availability can be achieved via replication and careful design to cope with failures of hardware, software, or the network

D. All of others

E. Usability: This refers to the level of "satisfaction" from a human perspective in using the system. Usability includes completeness, correctness, compatibility, and user friendliness such as friendly user interface, complete documentation, and help support

F. Reliability: This refers to the failure frequency, the accuracy of output results, the mean-time-to-failure (MTTF), the ability to recover from failure, and the failure predictability

B

Which is correct about class diagram

A. Describing the static view of the system

B. Describing a set of objects

C. Describing the classes and their relationship

D. Describing the classes and their relationship, describing the static view of the system

D

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the elements of the static structure and the elements of the runtime structure for the same design project

A. True

B. False

B

Public interface of a class consists of the following:

A. aggregation and composition relationship

B. private attributes

C. private operations

D. public attributes and public operations

D

Which among the following best describes encapsulation?

A. It is a way of combining various data members into a single unit

B. It is a way of combining various member functions into a single unit

C. It is a way of combining various data members and member functions into a single unit which can operate on any data

D. It is a way of combining various data members and member functions that operate on those data members into a single unit

D

Which of followings are not key components of an architectural style?

A. Operations

B. Elements

C. Constraints

D. Connectors

A

Information hiding can also be termed as:

A. Inheritance

B. Abstraction

C. Encapsulation

D. Data hiding

C

Identify the incorrect statements:

A. The architectural design embodies earliest decisions that have a decisive impact on the ultimate success of the software product

B. Software Architecture bridges between requirements and implementation

C. Software architecture plays a very important role in software development.

D. SDD contains a set of rules, constraints, and patterns of how to structure a system into a set of elements and connectors.

D

Which is correct about state diagram

A. Modeling the dynamic view of the system

B. Describing the internal behaviour of the system, modeling the dynamic view of the system

C. Describing the internal behaviour of the system

D. Describing the information flows in the system

B

Identify the incorrect statements about Software architecture

A. Software architecture also specifies the guidelines for how to writing the source code.

B. The design of software architecture must conform to the functional and non-functional requirements of the software project

C. Software architecture describes the collection of Components, Connections and Interactions between these components

D. Software architecture is a high-level of abstraction of a software system by employing decomposition, composition, architectural styles, and quality attributes

A

Which of the following structures describe the dynamic properties of software architecture?

A. Software deployment structure

B. Software management structure

C. Software code structure

D. Software runtime structure

D

What is an alternative sequence in a use case?

A. A sequence that describes interactions with a secondary actor

B. A sequence that is different from the main sequence

C. A sequence that describes an error case

D. A sequence that describes interactions with a primary actor

B

Which of these statements about Component Diagrams is true?

A. The give a dynamic view of the system

B. They are useful to clarifying the artifacts that will be produced from development

C. They do not show third-party libraries

D. They clarify dependency relationships

D

What is the purpose of a stereotype in class structuring?

A. To label a class according to its class structuring criterion

B. To identify the objects that belong to the same class

C. To distinguish between external objects and software objects

D. To identify the association between two classes

A

How is an association depicted on a class diagram?

A. A solid line joining two class boxes

B. A dashed line joining two class boxes

C. A diamond touching the upper class box

D. An arrowhead touching the upper class box

A

Which of these UML diagrams are likely to be part of the process view?

A. Activity diagram

B. Class diagram

C. Sequence Diagram

D. State Diagram

AC

Which of the following is a common messaging pattern in client/server relationships?

A. one-way

B. solicit-response

C. handshake

D. request-response

D

What are the two major styles of SOAP requests?

A. RPC style

B. request-response

C. document style

D. envelope

AC

A whole/part relationship is a generalization/specialization hierarchy

A. True

B. False

B

Which of these can be found in Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)?

A. object request broker

B. facilities

C. client and server stubs

D. interface definition language

ABD

Which of these is an advantage of event-based architecture?

A. Events trigger responses in a predictable manner

B. Events are processed with more efficiency

C. All interactions happen synchronously

D. Event generators and event consumers are loosely coupled

D

Divide-and-conquer is a suitable methodology for architecture design

A. True

B. False

A

What is a state-dependent control object?

A. An object that executes a state machine

B. An object that communicates with a state machine

C. An object that controls a state machine

D. An object that depends on a state machine

A

What is the interface of a class?

A. The internals of the class

B. The implementation of the class

C. The specification of operations provided by the class

D. The signature of a class

C

What does a statechart diagram depict?

A. Classes and relationships

B. Objects and messages

C. Objects and links

D. States and events

D

Architecture design is about choosing the right single architecture style for a project

A. True

B. False

B