7th grade civics test

The principle of limited government and trial by jury.

What principle did the Magna Carta establish in 1215?

What was the Mayflower Compact and when was it established?

A document that established self-government (social contract) among pilgrims in 1620.

What did the English Bill of Rights expand and when was it enacted?

Expanded rights to bear arms and protection from cruel/unusual punishment in 1689.

What was the purpose of Common Sense by Thomas Paine?

To convince colonists to support independence from Britain.

What key idea is expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

That 'all men are created equal' with 'unalienable rights.'

What were the Articles of Confederation?

The U.S.'s first (weak) constitution that had no power to tax, no executive branch, and no national court system.

What is the main view of Federalists regarding the Constitution?

Supported the Constitution and wanted a strong central government.

Who were the main leaders of the Anti-Federalists?

Patrick Henry and George Mason.

What did Anti-Federalists demand regarding individual liberties?

A Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties.

What does Law of Soil refer to in terms of citizenship?

Being born on U.S. territory.

What is the process for immigrants to become citizens called?

Naturalization.

What are the obligations of citizenship?

Pay taxes, obey laws, serve on a jury, register for the draft.

What is the difference between a Direct Democracy and a Representative Democracy?

In a Direct Democracy, citizens vote directly on laws; in a Representative Democracy, citizens elect leaders to make laws.

What are enumerated powers?

Powers specifically listed for the Federal government.

What is one example of a reserved power?

Education or marriage laws.

What is the purpose of Checks and Balances?

To allow branches of government to limit each other.

What does the Bill of Rights protect?

Individual liberties and rights of the citizens.

What does RAPPS stand for in the First Amendment?

Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, Speech.

What is required for a constitutional amendment to be proposed?

A 2/3 vote of both houses of Congress.

What landmark case established Judicial Review?

Marbury v. Madison.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Plessy v. Ferguson?

That 'separate but equal' was constitutional.

What was a major outcome of Brown v. Board of Education?

Declared segregation in schools unconstitutional.

What must the police do according to Miranda v. Arizona?

Inform you of your rights before questioning.

What was the ruling in In re Gault?

That juveniles have the same due process rights as adults.

What whole idea did Tinker v. Des Moines protect?

Student free speech as long as it doesn't disrupt school.

What is the significance of the 10th Amendment?

It reserves powers for the states that are not specifically granted to the federal government.

What is the role of the Legislative branch in government?

To make laws.

What is the term for powers shared by both the federal and state governments?

Concurrent powers.

What does the principle of 'no cruel or unusual punishment' protect against?

Excessive bail and inhumane treatment in sentencing.

What is a primary feature of an oligarchy?

Ruled by a small, elite group.

What does it mean for a government to be an Autocracy?

One person has absolute power.